Abstract
This introduction presents the fifth volume of a series started twelve years ago: the AI Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems (AICOL). The introduction revises the recurrently addressed topics of technology, Artificial Intelligence and law and presents new challenges and areas of research, such as the AI ethical and legal turn, hybrid and conflictive intelligences, regulatory compliance and AI explainability. Other domains not yet fully explored include the regulatory models of the Web of Data and the Internet of Things that integrate legal reasoning and legal knowledge modelling.
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To be more precise, as of August 2021, the online inventory of AI Ethics guidelines gathered 173 documents. https://inventory.algorithmwatch.org/.
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“Human oversight helps ensuring that an AI system does not undermine human autonomy or causes other adverse effects. Oversight may be achieved through governance mechanisms such as a human-in-the-loop (HITL), human-on-the-loop (HOTL), or human-in-command (HIC) approach. HITL refers to the capability for human intervention in every decision cycle of the system, which in many cases is neither possible nor desirable. HOTL refers to the capability for human intervention during the design cycle of the system and monitoring the system’s operation. HIC refers to the capability to oversee the overall activity of the AI system (including its broader economic, societal, legal and ethical impact) and the ability to decide when and how to use the system in any particular situation.”, on 8 April 2019, the High-Level Expert Group on AI presented Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence, pag. 16.
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European Commission, Proposal for a Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council laying down harmonised rules on artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) and amending certain Union legislative acts (COM(2021) 206 final) (hereafter AIA).
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“[s]tandardization should play a key role to provide technical solutions to providers to ensure compliance with this Regulation”.
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Rodríguez-Doncel, V., Palmirani, M., Araszkiewicz, M., Casanovas, P., Pagallo, U., Sartor, G. (2021). Introduction: A Hybrid Regulatory Framework and Technical Architecture for a Human-Centered and Explainable AI. In: Rodríguez-Doncel, V., Palmirani, M., Araszkiewicz, M., Casanovas, P., Pagallo, U., Sartor, G. (eds) AI Approaches to the Complexity of Legal Systems XI-XII. AICOL AICOL XAILA 2020 2018 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 13048. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89811-3_1
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