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Kyber on ARM64: Compact Implementations of Kyber on 64-Bit ARM Cortex-A Processors

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Security and Privacy in Communication Networks (SecureComm 2021)

Abstract

Public-key cryptography based on the lattice problem is efficient and believed to be secure in a post-quantum era. In this paper, we introduce carefully-optimized implementations of Kyber encryption schemes for 64-bit ARM Cortex-A processors. Our research contribution includes optimizations for Number Theoretic Transform (NTT), noise sampling, and AES accelerator based symmetric function implementations. The proposed Kyber512 implementation on ARM64 improved previous works by 1.79\(\times \), 1.96\(\times \), and 2.44\(\times \) for key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation, respectively. Moreover, by using AES accelerator in the proposed Kyber512-90s implementation, it is improved by 8.57\(\times \), 6.94\(\times \), and 8.26\(\times \) for key generation, encapsulation, and decapsulation, respectively.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Recent ARM architecture even supports SHA-3, SHA-512, SM3, and SM4 functions.

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank the reviewers for their comments. This work is supported in parts by a grant from NSF-2101085.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, USA

    Pakize Sanal, Emrah Karagoz & Reza Azarderakhsh

  2. Hansung University, Seoul, South Korea

    Hwajeong Seo

  3. University of South Florida, Tampa, USA

    Mehran Mozaffari-Kermani

  4. PQSecure Technologies, LLC, Boca Raton, FL, USA

    Reza Azarderakhsh

Authors
  1. Pakize Sanal
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  2. Emrah Karagoz
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  3. Hwajeong Seo
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  4. Reza Azarderakhsh
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  5. Mehran Mozaffari-Kermani
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Pakize Sanal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Télécom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France

    Joaquin Garcia-Alfaro

  2. University of Kent Canterbury, Canterbury, Kent, UK

    Shujun Li

  3. University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    Radha Poovendran

  4. Télécom SudParis, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Palaiseau, France

    Hervé Debar

  5. Google Inc., New York, NY, USA

    Moti Yung

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Sanal, P., Karagoz, E., Seo, H., Azarderakhsh, R., Mozaffari-Kermani, M. (2021). Kyber on ARM64: Compact Implementations of Kyber on 64-Bit ARM Cortex-A Processors. In: Garcia-Alfaro, J., Li, S., Poovendran, R., Debar, H., Yung, M. (eds) Security and Privacy in Communication Networks. SecureComm 2021. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 399. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90022-9_23

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90022-9_23

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-90022-9

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