Abstract
The power of the image is to touch the deepest feelings of the audience (indignation, compassion, sublimation, fear, hatred, astonishment, etc.). Internet users, who are often drowned in a permanent flow of information, are not led to analyze an image. They are simply touched, affected by the content. This appeal to emotion is a favorable ground for the deployment of post-truth. Post-truth is a situation where the reality of facts influences public opinion less than the appeal to emotions and personal beliefs. It is the emotion that prevails, the truth has become secondary. We decided to undertake a reception study with students of the Information-Communication OTC, aiming to understand their (in-)capacity to discern infox in a digital context, their verbalization of personal emotions and the forms of self-involvement in the discourse. After having collected over two consecutive years the reactions of about 80 students to several kinds of pictures in context and out of context, we will show how NooJ allows us to bring out the personal involvement in discourse, and the differences in student’s permeability once they have been a bit sensitized to this issue. We will use lexicon analysis, concordances analysis, but also semantic information analysis (on expressed feelings for example). We have been interested in ethos in discourse, and we will see that it is often associated with emotional reactions, making a clear link with the emotional web that has been strongly emerging in recent years.
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Notes
- 1.
- 2.
According to a survey conducted by BVA-La villa numeris in 2018 by the Ministry of Europe and Foreign Affairs, more than half of French people who share information have already done so when they knew it was unreliable: 34% wanted to arouse the interest of their friends and 31% admit that they had absolutely not checked the source. Access: https://www.lavillanumeris.com/180404-fake_news-analyse.
- 3.
Post-truth is a situation of reception where the reality of facts influences public opinion less than the appeal to emotions and personal beliefs.
- 4.
Respectively, there are 31 responses for Digital Information (IN) students, 50 for Organizational Communication (COM) students and 73 for Advertising (PUB) students.
- 5.
This is a special case because it comes from a work of the Israeli artist Shahak Shapira, who in his project “Yolocaust” questions our culture of commemoration by bringing together on his site current selfies in the camps with old photographs that show the horror that inhabited these places.
- 6.
The analyses and the experiment that we have carried out here show results with these students and under these circumstances, but we can add that the experiment was carried out the previous year, under the same conditions, with the same groups of students, we obtained approximately the same results for self-expression.
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Bigey, M., Simon, J. (2021). Sensitivity to Fake News: Reception Analysis with NooJ. In: Bigey, M., Richeton, A., Silberztein, M., Thomas, I. (eds) Formalizing Natural Languages: Applications to Natural Language Processing and Digital Humanities. NooJ 2021. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1520. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92861-2_8
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