Skip to main content

Arabic Automatic Essay Scoring Systems: An Overview Study

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA 2021)

Abstract

Assessing a large number of student essays is a challenging task for teachers. It requires a lot of time and effort. Therefore, the automation of this work has become essential. For a decade, Automatic Essay Scoring (AES) systems have represented a very important and complicated research axis in the field of natural language processing. In literature, various methods of automatic essay scoring (AES) have been proposed. However, most of them have concentrated on European languages, while works dealing with Arabic language are very limited.

This paper presents an overview of Arabic Automatic Essay Scoring systems. The purpose of this study is to present a state of the art of the existing methods and models of Automatic Essay Scoring (AES) systems in Arabic language. We describe some models then we compare and discuss the achieved results. Finally, we give our perspectives and challenges to propose our future work in this context.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    Correlation is a metric for measuring the effectiveness of AES systems compared to human scoring. It is the rate of correspondence between the human score and the automatic score provided by the system [20].

  2. 2.

    LCS is a character-based similarity algorithm that determines the similarity between two strings to the length of the longest sub-string that appears in the two sentences.

References

  1. Gomaa, W.H., Fahmy, A.A.: Automatic scoring for answers to Arabic test questions. Comput. Speech Lang. (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Al-Shalabi, E.F.: An automated system for essay scoring of online exams in arabic based on stemming techniques and Levenshtein edit operations. Int. J. Comput. Sci. Iss. (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Shehab, A., Faroun, M., Rashad, M.: An automatic arabic essay grading system based on text similarity algorithms. In: Article Published in International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications (IJACSA) (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Al-, M.F., Azmi, A.M.: Automated evaluation of school children essays in Arabic. Int. Conf. Arab. Comput. Ling. 117, 19–22 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Al Awaida, S.A., Al-Shargabi, B., Al-Rousan, T.: Automated Arabic essay grading system based on F-score and Arabic WordNet. Jordanian J. Comput. Inf. Technol. (JJCIT) 05 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Alqahtani, A., Alsaif, A.: Automatic evaluation for Arabic essays: a rule-based system. In: 2019 IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology (ISSPIT) (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Abdeljaber, H.A.: Automatic Arabic short answers scoring using longest common subsequence and Arabic WordNet. IEEE Access 9(99), 1 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  8. The Hewlett Foundation: Short Answer Scoring, Kaggle. https://www.kaggle.com/c/asap-sas/. Accessed 06 Aug 2021

  9. Abdelali, A., Darwish, K., Durrani, N., Mubarak, H.: Farasa: a new fast and accurate Arabic word segmenter. In: Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Demonstrations (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Pasha, A., et al.: MADAMIRA : a fast, comprehensive tool for morphological analysis and disambiguation of Arabic. In: Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Regragui, Y., et al.: Arabic wordNet: new content and new applications. In: 8th Global Wordnet Conference (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Pag, E.B.: Project essay grade: PEG. In: Shermis, M.D., Burstein, J. (eds.), Automated essay scoring: a cross-disciplinary perspective. pp. 43–54. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah, NJ (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Foltz, P., Laham, D., Landauer, T.K.: The intelligent essay assessor: applications to educational technology. Inter. Multimed. Electron. J. Comput. Enhanced Learn. (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Burstein, J.: The e-rater scoring engine: automated essay scoring with natural language processing. In: Shermis, M.D., Burstein, J. (eds.). Automated essay scoring: A cross-disciplinary perspective, pp. 113–122 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Runder, L., Garcia, V., Welch, C.: An Evaluation of IntelliMetricâ„¢ Essay Scoring System. J. Technol. Learn. Assessment (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Hussein, M.A., Hassan, H., Nassef, M.: Automated language essay scoring systems: a literature review. PeerJ Comput. Sci. (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Alikaniotis, D., Yannakoudakis, H., Rei, M.: Automatic text scoring using neural networks. Computat. Lang. (cs.CL). (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Taghipour, K., Ng, H.T.: A neural approach to automated essay scoring. In: Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP). pp. 1882–1891 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Dasgupta, T., Naskar, A., Saha, R., Dey, L.: Augmenting textual qualitative features in deep convolution recurrent neural network for automatic essay scoring. In: Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Natural Language Processing Techniques for Educational Applications (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Yannakoudakis, H., Cummins, R.: Evaluating the performance of automated text scoring systems. In: Proceedings of the Tenth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Alsaif, A.: Modelling Discourse Relations for Arabic, pp. 736–747 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Chang, T.-H., Sung, Y.-T.: Automated chinese essay scoring based on multilevel linguistic features. In: Xiaofei, Lu., Chen, B. (eds.) Computational and Corpus Approaches to Chinese Language Learning, pp. 253–269. Springer Singapore, Singapore (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3570-9_13

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Walia, T.S., Josan, G.S., Singh, A.: An efficient automated answer scoring system for Punjabi language. Egyptian Inf. J. 20(2), 89–96 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Lilja, M.: Automatic essay scoring of Swedish essays using neural networks. M.S. thesis, Dept. Statist., Uppsala Univ., Stockholm, Sweden (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Citawan, R.S., Mawardi, V.C., Mulyawan, B.: Automatic essay scoring in E-learning system using LSA method with N-gram feature for Bahasa Indonesia. In: MATEC WEB Conf., vol. 164 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Cheon, M.-A., Kim, C.-H., Kim, J.-H., Noh, E.-H., Sung, K.-H., Song, M.-Y.: Automated scoring system for korean short-answer questions using predictability and unanimity. KIPS Trans. Softw. Data Eng. 5(11), 527–534 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rim Aroua Machhout .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Machhout, R.A., Zribi, C.B.O., Bouzid, S.M. (2022). Arabic Automatic Essay Scoring Systems: An Overview Study. In: Abraham, A., Gandhi, N., Hanne, T., Hong, TP., Nogueira Rios, T., Ding, W. (eds) Intelligent Systems Design and Applications. ISDA 2021. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 418. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96308-8_108

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics