Abstract
Understanding the associations between different traffic factors (e.g., time, vehicles, trees, and people) and the air pollution in a particular region is a challenging problem of great concern in Intelligent Transportation Systems. Most previous works primarily focused on efficient prediction of air pollution levels the given traffic imagery data. To the best of our knowledge, there exists no study that tries to discover hidden associations (or correlation) that exist between the traffic factors and the air pollution towards predicting PM2.5 levels within a certain period of time. With this motivation, this paper proposes a novel framework that aims to discover hidden associations that exist between the traffic factors and the air pollution towards predicting air pollution level in short- and medium-term time. Our framework has the following six steps: (i) Extract features from the traffic images using any machine learning algorithm, (ii) generate a new dataset by joining the extracted features dataset and air pollution dataset using time, (iii) transform this new dataset into an uncertain temporal database using fuzzy rules, (iv) apply uncertain periodic-frequent pattern mining techniques to discover hidden associations between various traffic factors and air pollution, (v) estimate air pollution level from a given image using transfer learning on a pre-trained model, and (vi) predict air pollution level using estimated air pollution level and mined patterns dataset. Experimental results show that our method can estimate and predict air pollution level with high accuracy (from 77% to 98%).
Kazuki was the first to introduce the idea presented in this paper.
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Acknowledgements
We thank Prof. Rage Uday Kiran, supervisor of Kazuki, for sharing his ideas and expertise on fuzzy sets, uncertain database creation, and mining patterns.
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Tejima, K., Dao, MS., Zettsu, K. (2022). MM-AQI: A Novel Framework to Understand the Associations Between Urban Traffic, Visual Pollution, and Air Pollution. In: Fujita, H., Fournier-Viger, P., Ali, M., Wang, Y. (eds) Advances and Trends in Artificial Intelligence. Theory and Practices in Artificial Intelligence. IEA/AIE 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 13343. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08530-7_50
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