Efficient Privacy-Preserving Authentication and Group Key Agreement Scheme in Fog-Enabled VANET

Abstract

In order to support the construction of intelligent transportation system (ITS), Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) comes into being and is attracting the attention from both the industry and research communities. VANET is a special mobile ad-hoc network that allows vehicles to communicate with Roadside Units (RSUs) or other vehicles, which can alleviate traffic congestion and avoid accidents. However, as for the open environment of VANET, vehicles are more vulnerable to attacks. Meanwhile, VANET is a dynamic and time-critical network, therefore minimizing latency becomes the core concern. Using fog nodes is an attractive method to solve the problem since it can reduce communication delay and increase throughput. To maintain the balance between privacy and security in fog-enabled VANET, this paper proposes an efficient privacy-preserving authentication and group key management scheme. Fog nodes cooperate with RSUs to establish groups and generate group keys. The proposed scheme prevents vehicles’ sensitive information from being disclosed. Moreover, the scheme guarantees the communication always be anonymous. When a vehicle is found to have misbehaved, the real identity of the vehicle can be retrieved. The security and performance analysis proves that the proposed scheme is privacy-preserving, secure and efficient.