Abstract
The following work proposes a benchmark of performances of state of art AI algorithms for the weapons detection. Particularly, it is aimed to test three CNN based models on the task of detecting specific types of weapons. In order to accomplish this goal, four datasets are employed. Additionally, due to the lack of rich amounts of well-structured datasets in these field of research, new labeled data are produced as a new resource to test specific hypotheses about their impact on the performances of the models: different transfer-learning approaches are studied to understand how specific types of data could increase the generalization of the trained algorithms, with a peculiar attention to realistic scenarios. The whole work is designed with the intention to select the state-of-art algorithms that truly could be employed for realistic applications.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Debnath, R., Bhowmik, M.K.: A comprehensive survey on computer vision based concepts, methodologies, analysis and applications for automatic gun/knife detection. J. Vis. Commun. Image Represent. 78, 103165 (2021)
Bhatti, M.T., Khan, M.G., Aslam, M., Fiaz, M.J.: Weapon detection in real-time CCTV videos using deep learning. IEEE Access 9, 34366–34382 (2021)
Romero, D., Salamea, C.: Convolutional models for the detection of firearms in surveillance videos. Appl. Sci. 9(15), 2965 (2019)
Olmos, R., Tabik, S., Herrera, F.: Automatic handgun detection alarm in videos using deep learning. Neurocomputing 275, 66–72 (2018)
Castillo, A., Tabik, S., Pérez, F., Olmos, R., Herrera, F.: Brightness guided preprocessing for automatic cold steel weapon detection in surveillance videos with deep learning. Neurocomputing 330, 151–161 (2019)
Elmir, Y., Laouar, S.A., Hamdaoui, L.: Deep learning for automatic detection of handguns in video sequences. In: JERI (2019)
Cardoso, G., Simões, V., Ciarelli, P.M., Vassallo, R.F.: Use of deep learning for firearms detection in images. In: Anais do XV Workshop de Visão Computacional, pp. 109–114. SBC (2019)
Dubey, S.:Building a gun detection model using deep learning. Program Chair & Proceedings Editor: M. Afzal Upal, Ph.d. Chair of Computing & Information Science Department Mercyhurst University 501 (2019)
Fernandez-Carrobles, M.M., Deniz, O., Maroto, F.: Gun and knife detection based on faster R-CNN for video surveillance. In: Morales, A., Fierrez, J., Sánchez, J.S., Ribeiro, B. (eds.) IbPRIA 2019. LNCS, vol. 11868, pp. 441–452. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31321-0_38
de Azevedo Kanehisa, R.F., de Almeida Neto, A.: Firearm detection using convolutional neural networks. In: ICAART 2019, pp. 707–714 (2019)
Warsi, A., Abdullah, M., Husen, M.N., Yahya, M., Khan, S., Jawaid, N.: Gun detection system using YOLOv3. In: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Smart Instrumentation, Measurement and Application (ICSIMA), pp. 1–4. IEEE (2019)
Jain, H., Vikram, A., Kashyap, A., Jain, A.:Weapon detection using artificial intelligence and deep learning for security applications. In: 2020 International Conference on Electronics and Sustainable Communication Systems (ICESC), pp. 193–198. IEEE (2020)
Akcay, S., Kundegorski, M.E., Willcocks, C.G., Breckon, T.P.: Using deep convolutional neural network architectures for object classification and detection within x-ray baggage security imagery. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 13(9), 2203–2215 (2018)
Iqbal, J., Munir, M.A., Mahmood, A., Ali, A.R., Ali, M.:Leveraging orientation for weakly supervised object detection with application to firearm localization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1904.10032 (2019)
Huang, J., et al.: Speed/accuracy trade-offs for modern convolutional object detectors. In: CVPR 2017 (2017)
Goldsborough, P.: A tour of tensorflow. arXiv preprint arXiv:1610.01178 (2016)
Bochkovskiy, A., Wang, C.Y., Liao, H.Y.M.: Yolov4: optimal speed and accuracy of object detection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.10934 (2020)
Guns used in crime, Washington, DC: US Department of Justice: Bureau of Justice Statistics Selected Findings, publication NCJ-148201 (1995)
World Health Organization: European report on preventing violence and knife crime among young people. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe (2010)
Kuznetsova, A., et al.: The open images dataset v4: unified image classification, object detection, and visual relationship detection at scale. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.00982 (2018)
Pérez-Hernández, F., Tabik, S., Lamas, A., Olmos, R., Fujita, H., Herrera, F.: Object detection binary classifiers methodology based on deep learning to identify small objects handled similarly: application in video surveillance. Knowl. Based Syst. 194, 105590 (2020)
Everingham, M., Winn, J.: The pascal visual object classes challenge 2012 (voc2012) development kit. Pattern Analysis, Statistical Modelling and Computational Learning, Technical report, 8, 5 (2011)
Lin, T.-Y., et al.: Microsoft coco: common objects in context. In: Fleet, D., Pajdla, T., Schiele, B., Tuytelaars, T. (eds.) Computer Vision – ECCV 2014: 13th European Conference, Zurich, Switzerland, September 6–12, 2014, Proceedings, Part V, pp. 740–755. Springer, Cham (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10602-1_48
Bochkovskiy, A., Wang, C.-Y., Liao, H.-Y.M.:Yolov4: optimal speed and accuracy of object detection. arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.10934 (2020)
Mahsereci, M., Balles, L., Lassner, C., Hennig, P.: Early stopping without a validation set. arXiv preprint arXiv:1703.09580 (2017)
Prechelt, L.: Early stopping - but when? In: Orr, G.B., Müller, K.-R. (eds.) Neural Networks: Tricks of the trade, pp. 55–69. Springer, Heidelberg (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-49430-8_3
Shetty, S.: Application of convolutional neural network for image classification on Pascal VOC challenge 2012 dataset. arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.03785 (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Dentamaro, V., Giglio, P., Impedovo, D., Pirlo, G. (2022). Comparing Artificial Intelligence Algorithms in Computer Vision: The Weapon Detection Benchmark. In: El Yacoubi, M., Granger, E., Yuen, P.C., Pal, U., Vincent, N. (eds) Pattern Recognition and Artificial Intelligence. ICPRAI 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13363. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09037-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09037-0_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-09036-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-09037-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)