Abstract
Blockchain technology presently permeates multiple industries, resulting in an increasing number of agents (primarily end-users and engineers) interacting with it in a variety of contexts. This, in turn, has introduced the practical need for a sufficient tooling ecosystem for blockchain solutions testing and evaluation under secure environment conditions. To that end, this study presents a robust framework for the creation and management of customisable, persistent, private, scalable blockchain environments that fulfill precisely the need for live sandbox platforms with on-chain interaction capabilities. We extend the concept of local chain forking, emphasising the limitations of existing tooling and methodologies and propose how our framework mitigates identified weaknesses and bridges some of the resulting gaps in desirable non-functional attributes. We offer a reference implementation for our framework and discuss how it can be applicable to a broad array of DevOps and security-oriented Use Cases. Finally, emerging challenges are discussed and potential directions for further research are drawn.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Anvil \(\cdot \) foundry-rs/foundry—github.com (2022). https://github.com/foundry-rs/foundry/tree/master/anvil. Accessed 05 May 2022
Ethereum development environment for professionals by Nomic Foundation—hardhat.org (2022). https://hardhat.org/. Accessed 05 May 2022
Ganache - Truffle Suite—trufflesuite.com (2022). https://trufflesuite.com/ganache/. Accessed 03 May 2022
GitHub - blockscout/blockscout: blockchain explorer for Ethereum based network and a tool for inspecting and analyzing EVM based blockchains—github.com (2022). https://github.com/blockscout/blockscout. Accessed 30 May 2022
HAProxy - The Reliable, High Performance TCP/HTTP Load Balancer (2022). http://www.haproxy.org/. Accessed 10 May 2022
Moralis » The Ultimate Web3 Development Platform—moralis.io (2022). https://moralis.io/. Accessed 12 May 2022
Nodes and clients, May 2022. https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/nodes-and-clients/
QuickNode - Blockchain API and Node Infrastructure: Ethereum, Solana, Polygon, BSC + More (2022). https://www.quicknode.com/. Accessed 12 May 2022
Total value locked all chains, May 2022. https://defillama.com/chains/EVM
Yam finance governance attack attempt—gist.github.com (2022). https://gist.github.com/ethedev/248f931dbb29d054a9366fe43f37d42e. Accessed 12 July 2022
Alharby, M., van Moorsel, A.: BlockSim: an extensible simulation tool for blockchain systems. Front. Blockchain 3, 28 (2020)
Alharby, M., Van Moorsel, A.: BlockSim: a simulation framework for blockchain systems. ACM SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev. 46(3), 135–138 (2019)
Alsahan, L., Lasla, N., Abdallah, M.: Local bitcoin network simulator for performance evaluation using lightweight virtualization. In: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Informatics, IoT, and Enabling Technologies (ICIoT), pp. 355–360. IEEE (2020)
Aquilina, S.J., Casino, F., Vella, M., Ellul, J., Patsakis, C.: EtherClue: digital investigation of attacks on Ethereum smart contracts. Blockchain Res. Appl. 2(4), 100028 (2021)
Buterin, V., et al.: Ethereum white paper. GitHub repository 1, 22–23 (2013)
Cao, Y., Zou, C., Cheng, X.: Flashot: a snapshot of flash loan attack on DeFi ecosystem. arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.00626 (2021)
Chainanalysis: The 2022 crypto crime report. Chainalysis Inc., New York (2022). https://go.chainalysis.com/rs/503-FAP-074/images/Crypto-Crime-Report-2022.pdf
Destefanis, G., Marchesi, M., Ortu, M., Tonelli, R., Bracciali, A., Hierons, R.: Smart contracts vulnerabilities: a call for blockchain software engineering? In: 2018 International Workshop on Blockchain Oriented Software Engineering (IWBOSE), pp. 19–25. IEEE (2018)
Dillon, G.: Benchmarking 5 Popular Load Balancers: Nginx, HAProxy, Envoy, Traefik, and ALB (2018). https://www.loggly.com/blog/benchmarking-5-popular-load-balancers-nginx-haproxy-envoy-traefik-and-alb/. Accessed 10 May 2022
Golosova, J., Romanovs, A.: The advantages and disadvantages of the blockchain technology. In: 2018 IEEE 6th Workshop on Advances in Information, Electronic and Electrical Engineering (AIEEE), pp. 1–6. IEEE (2018)
Hall, G., Mansi, M., Makrant, I.: Novel method for handling Ethereum attack. arXiv preprint arXiv:1909.12934 (2019)
Hamida, E.B., Brousmiche, K.L., Levard, H., Thea, E.: Blockchain for enterprise: overview, opportunities and challenges. In: The Thirteenth International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Communications (ICWMC 2017) (2017)
Khan, S.N., Loukil, F., Ghedira-Guegan, C., Benkhelifa, E., Bani-Hani, A.: Blockchain smart contracts: applications, challenges, and future trends. Peer-to-Peer Netw. Appl. 14(5), 2901–2925 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12083-021-01127-0
Marchesi, M., Marchesi, L., Tonelli, R.: An agile software engineering method to design blockchain applications. In: Proceedings of the 14th Central and Eastern European Software Engineering Conference Russia, pp. 1–8 (2018)
Mohanta, B.K., Panda, S.S., Jena, D.: An overview of smart contract and use cases in blockchain technology. In: 2018 9th International Conference on Computing, Communication and Networking Technologies (ICCCNT), pp. 1–4. IEEE (2018)
Nakamoto, S.: Bitcoin: a peer-to-peer electronic cash system. Decentralized Business Review, p. 21260 (2008)
Senapathi, M., Buchan, J., Osman, H.: DevOps capabilities, practices, and challenges: insights from a case study. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering 2018, pp. 57–67 (2018)
Su, L., et al.: Evil under the sun: understanding and discovering attacks on Ethereum decentralized applications. In: 30th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 2021), pp. 1307–1324 (2021)
Vacca, A., Di Sorbo, A., Visaggio, C.A., Canfora, G.: A systematic literature review of blockchain and smart contract development: techniques, tools, and open challenges. J. Syst. Softw. 174, 110891 (2021)
Wang, S., et al.: Blockchain-powered parallel fintech regulatory sandbox based on the ACP approach. IFAC-PapersOnLine 53(5), 863–867 (2020)
Wöhrer, M., Zdun, U.: DevOps for Ethereum blockchain smart contracts. In: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain (Blockchain), pp. 244–251. IEEE (2021)
Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Lin, Z.: TxSpecTor: uncovering attacks in ethereum from transactions. In: 29th USENIX Security Symposium (USENIX Security 2020), pp. 2775–2792 (2020)
Zheng, Z., Xie, S., Dai, H.N., Chen, X., Wang, H.: Blockchain challenges and opportunities: a survey. Int. J. Web Grid Serv. 14(4), 352–375 (2018)
Zou, W., et al.: Smart contract development: challenges and opportunities. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 47(10), 2084–2106 (2019)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pogiatzis, A., Samakovitis, G. (2022). A Systematic Local Fork Management Framework for Blockchain Sandbox Environments. In: Marrella, A., et al. Business Process Management: Blockchain, Robotic Process Automation, and Central and Eastern Europe Forum. BPM 2022. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol 459. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16168-1_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16168-1_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-16167-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-16168-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)