Abstract
The 5th generation technology standard for broadband cellular networks (5G) is currently being deployed at a large scale. In addition to the expansion of public 5G networks, (private) 5G campus networks are also set up in many areas. However, in parallel with the development of 5G, numerous other wireless solutions have also evolved, primarily using unlicensed frequency bands. In addition to various versions of the consumer grade IEEE 802.11-based WLAN standards and Bluetooth, a number of specific wireless solutions for predominantly industrial data communication have been established. The advantages of these comparatively simpler, non-5G wireless technologies are lower price levels, higher availability of established products on the market, and improved energy efficiency, which often lead to a significant commercial success and justify their beneficial use. This contribution presents a hybrid campus wireless network infrastructure, which is intended to fulfill various requirements as a testbed, especially in the areas of automation, logistics and traffic. A focus is on wireless coexistence, functional safety requirements and functionalities in conjunction with the associated security for safety.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
American National Standard for Evaluation of Wireless Coexistence. ANSI/USEMCSC C63.27-2021 (Revision of ANSI C63.27-2017), pp. 1–87 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1109/IEEESTD.2022.9777636
5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation (5G-ACIA). Integration of 5G with Time-Sensitive Networking for Industrial Communications (2020)
5G Alliance for Connected Industries and Automation (5G-ACIA). 5G Non-Public Networks for Industrial Scenarios (2019)
Aijaz, A.: Private 5G: the future of industrial wireless. IEEE Indust. Electron. Magaz. 14(4), 136–145 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/MIE.2020.3004975
Alabbasi, A., Dudda, T., Zou, Z., Kronander, J.: 5G toolbox for realizing industrial automation. In: 2019 IEEE 2nd 5G World Forum (5GWF), pp. 512–515 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/5GWF.2019.8911658
Baker, M., Poikselkä, M.: 5G Releases 16 and 17 in 3GPP. Tech. rep., Nokia Bell Labs CTO, Standardization and Research, 20 April 2020
Cammin, C., Krush, D., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G.: Test method for narrowband F/TDMA-based wireless sensor/actuator networks including radio channel emulation in severe multipath environments. J. Sens. Sens. Syst. 7(1), 183–192 (2018). https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-183-2018
Cammin, C., Krush, D., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G.: Employing correlation for wireless components and device characterization in reverberation chambers. J. Sens. Sens. Syst. 8(1), 185–194 (2019). https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-8-185-2019
Cammin, C., Krush, D., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G.: Reproducibility of fading propability in a reverberation chamber for wireless device testing. In: 2019 IEEE Radio and Antenna Days of the Indian Ocean (RADIO), pp. 1–2 (2019). https://doi.org/10.23919/RADIO46463.2019.8968873
Cammin, C., Krush, D., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G.: Deep fading in a reverberation chamber for wireless device testing. IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng. 766(1), 012004 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/766/1/012004
Cammin, C., Krush, D., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G.: Sensing reverberation chamber loading for IO-Link Wireless testing. In: 2021 International Conference on Electromagnetics in Advanced Applications (ICEAA), pp. 87–91 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEAA52647.2021.9539761
Cammin, C., et al.: Coexisting wireless sensor networks in cyber-physical production systems. In: 2016 IEEE 21st International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA), pp. 1–4 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA.2016.7733593
Doebbert, T.R., Cammin, C., Scholl, G.: Precision measurement of the application-dependent current consumption of a wireless transceiver chip in the time and frequency domain. J. Sens. Sens. Syst. 11(1), 149–159 (2022). https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-11-149-2022
Doebbert, T.R., Cammin, C., Scholl, G.: Safety architecture proposal for low-latency sensor/actuator networks using IO-Link Wireless. IEEE Access 10, 3030–3044 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3128758
Doebbert, T.R., Cammin, C., Scholl, G., Kärcher, B.: Study of a safe and secure ecosystem based on IO-Link Wireless and a 5G campus network. In: 2021 26th IEEE International Conference on Emerging Technologies and Factory Automation (ETFA ), pp. 1–4 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/ETFA45728.2021.9613484
Doebbert, T.R., Krush, D., Cammin, C., Jockram, J., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G.: IO-Link Wireless device cryptographic performance and energy efficiency. In: 2021 22nd IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), vol. 1, pp. 1106–1112 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIT46573.2021.9453590
Esswie, A., Pedersen, K.: Analysis of Outage Latency and Throughput Performance in Industrial Factory 5G TDD Deployments (2020). arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.05507
Etz, D., Frühwirth, T., Ismail, A., Kastner, W.: Simplifying functional safety communication in modular, heterogeneous production lines. In: 2018 14th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), pp. 1–4 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2018.8402371
Halili, R., Weyn, M., Berkvens, R.: Comparing localization performance of IEEE 802.11p and LTE-V V2I communications. Sensors 21(6) (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/s21062031
HART-FieldComm Group. WirelessHART (2021)
Helmut-Schmidt-University: Digital Sensor-2-Cloud Campus Platform (2022). Project website: https://dtecbw.de/home/forschung/hsu/projekt-ds2ccp/projekt-ds2ccp. Accessed 18 June 2022
Heynicke, R., et al.: IO-Link Wireless enhanced factory automation communication for Industry 4.0 applications. J. Sens. Sens. Syst. 7(1), 131–142 (2018). https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-7-131-2018
Hong, H., Choi, S.W., Sup Kim, C., Chong, Y.J.: Interference measurement between 3.5 GHz 5G system and radar. In: 2018 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), pp. 1539–1541 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC.2018.8539422
IEC 61508: Functional Safety of Electrical/Electronic/Programmable Electronic Safety-related Systems (E/E/PE, or E/E/PES)
IEC 62657-1:2017. Industrial Communication Networks - Wireless Communication Networks -Part 1: Wireless Communication Requirements and Spectrum Considerations (2017). https://webstore.iec.ch/publication/33125. Accessed 16 June 2021
IO-Link Community. IO-Link Wireless System Extensions - Specification Draft V1.1.3 for Review, December 2021, Order No: 10.112 (2021). https://io-link.com/share/Downloads/System-Extensions/IO- Link_Wireless_System_Specification_10112_d113_Dec21.pdf. Accessed 06 June 2022
ISO 13849–1:2015. Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design
Kim, S., Visotsky, E., Moorut, P., Bechta, K., Ghosh, A., Dietrich, C.: Coexistence of 5G with the incumbents in the 28 and 70 GHz bands. IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun. 35(6), 1254–1268 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2017.2687238
Krush, D., Cammin, C., Doebbert, T.R., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G.: Coexistence management methods and tools for IO-Link Wireless. In: 2021 17th IEEE International Conference on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), pp. 151–158 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS46889.2021.9483594
Krush, D., Cammin, C., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G., Kaercher, B.: A wireless communication system for energy and environmental monitoring. J. Sens. Sens. Syst. 6(1), 19–26 (2017). https://doi.org/10.5194/jsss-6-19-2017
Nixon, M.: A Comparison of WirelessHART and ISA100.11a (2012). http://www2.emersonprocess.com/siteadmincenter/PM%20Central%20Web%20Documents/wirelesshart-vs-isa-WP.pdf. Accessed 06 June 2022
OPC Foundation. OPC UA Online Reference
OPC Foundation. OPC Unified Architecture Part 2: Security Model, Release 1.04
Profinet University. PROFIsafe Functional Safety
Rohde and Schwarz. Coexistence of 5G and satellite services in the C band (2019)
Sakal, I., Simunic, D.: Simulation of interference between Bluetooth and 802.11b systems. In: 2003 IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC 2003), 2003, vol. 2, pp. 1321–1324 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICSMC2.2003.1429164
Scholl, G., Heynicke, R., Krueger, D., Hornung, R.: Wireless automation. In: Proceedings SENSOR 2013, pp. 379–383 (2013). https://doi.org/10.5162/sensor2013/C3.1
Solzbacher, T., Heynicke, R., Scholl, G.: Parallel processing of RSSI signals for gapless monitoring of the 2.45 GHz ISM band. tm - Technisches Messen 85(s1), s124–s128 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1515/teme-2018-0047
Son, H., Chong, Y.: Coexistence of 5G system with Fixed satellite service Earth station in the 3.8GHz Band. In: 2018 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), pp. 1070–1073 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC.2018.8539462
Son, H., Chong, Y.: Analysis of the interference effects of 5G system on automotive collision avoidance radars. In: 2019 International Conference on Information and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), pp. 1463–1466 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICTC46691.2019.8939683
Tan, H., Liu, Y., Feng, Z., Zhang, Q.: Coexistence analysis between 5G system and fixed-satellite service in 3400–3600 MHz. China Commun. 15(11), 25–32 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/CC.2018.8543046
Texas Instruments. Building your application with security in mind (2020). https://www.ti.com/lit/ml/swpb020e/swpb020e.pdf?ts=1611941696435 &. Application Note. Accessed 02 Feb 2022
VDI/VDE 2185. Radio based communication in industrial automation. (all parts)
Vitturi, S., Zunino, C., Sauter, T.: Industrial communication systems and their future challenges: next-generation ethernet, IIoT, and 5G. Proc. IEEE 107(6), 944–961 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2019.2913443
Wolberg, D., Rentschler, M., Gaggero, P.: Simulative performance analysis of IO-Link Wireless. In: 2018 14th IEEE International Workshop on Factory Communication Systems (WFCS), pp. 1–10 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/WFCS.2018.8402352
Zhang, H., Chu, X., Guo, W., Wang, S.: Coexistence of Wi-Fi and heterogeneous small cell networks sharing unlicensed spectrum. IEEE Commun. Magaz. 53(3), 158–164 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2015.7060498
Zhang, R., Wang, M., Cai, L.X., Zheng, Z., Shen, X., Xie, L.: LTE-unlicensed: the future of spectrum aggregation for cellular networks. IEEE Wirel. Commun. 22(3), 150–159 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1109/MWC.2015.7143339
ZVEI. German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers’ Association: Coexistence of Wireless Systems in Automation Technology (2009)
Acknowledgment
This work is an extended continuation of the work presented in a very first stage as a work-in-progress under [15]. The authors like to acknowledge R. Heynicke and H. Beuster from the Helmut Schmidt University as well as B. Kärcher from FESTO for their continuous support. Funding was granted by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action (BMWK) (formerly Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi)) and the Project Management Jülich (PTJ) under the Wissens- und Technologietransfer durch Patente und Normen (WIPANO) program as IO-Link Wireless Standardization for IEC-Approval (IOLW-4-IEC) with grant no. 03TN0005A and by the Federal Ministry of Defense under the dtec.bw program as Digital Sensor-2-Cloud Campus Platform (DS2CCP) (project website: [21]).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cammin, C., Doebbert, T., Solzbacher, B., Scholl, G. (2023). Concept of a 5G Hybrid Wireless Campus Network as Testbed for Industrial Applications. In: Valle, M., et al. Advances in System-Integrated Intelligence. SYSINT 2022. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, vol 546. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16281-7_43
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-16281-7_43
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-16280-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-16281-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)