Skip to main content

Organizing a Self-organized Team: Towards a Maturity Model for Agile Business Process Management

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Subject-Oriented Business Process Management. Dynamic Digital Design of Everything – Designing or being designed? (S-BPM ONE 2022)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 1632))

Abstract

Due to the increasingly volatile environment of companies, agile business process management (BPM) is becoming more relevant. The requirement for self-organized teams, as an essential part of the agile approach, causes major challenges for many companies. The main reasons for this are that (a) it is often not known how self-organized the process teams are so far and (b) which initiatives can further extend the agile principles. This paper presents the findings of a research-in-progress project that aims to develop a maturity model for self-organized teams. Based on a comprehensive literature review, 80 practical indicators were identified for 31 enabling factors (including self assignment, knowledge sharing, shared vision) supporting the pathway to more self-organization in BPM. Process consultants and process departments can use this list to successively prepare teams for the requirements of self-organization in the context of agile BPM. In further research, the presented content will be further developed (e.g. with maturity levels).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 69.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Thamhain, H.J.: Can we manage agile in traditional project environments? In: Proceedings of the Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering and Technology, pp. 2497–2505 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Mafakheri, F., Nasiri, F., Mousavi, M.: Project agility assessment: an integrated decision analysis approach. Prod. Plan. Control 19(6), 567–576 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kosieradzka, A., Rostek, K.: The multifaceted character of process management in organizations. In: Kosieradzka, A., Rostek, K. (eds.) Process Management and Organizational Process Maturity, pp. 1–33. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham (2021)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Badakhshan, P., Conboy, K., Grisold, T., vom Brocke, J.: Agile business process management. Bus. Process Manag. J. 26(6), 1505–1523 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Franz, P., Kirchmer, M.: Value-Driven Business Process Management: The Value-Switch for Lasting Competitive Advantage. McGraw-Hill, New York (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Moe, N.B., Dingsøyr, T., Røyrvik, E.A.: Putting agile teamwork to the test – an preliminary instrument for empirically assessing and improving agile software development. In: Abrahamsson, P., Marchesi, M., Maurer, F. (eds.) XP 2009. LNBIP, vol. 31, pp. 114–123. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-01853-4_14

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Högl, M., Gemuenden, H.G.: Teamwork quality and the success of innovative projects: a theoretical concept and empirical evidence. Organ. Sci. 12, 435–449 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Gebhart, M., Mevius, M., Wiedmann, P.: Business process evaluation in agile business process management using quality models. Int. J. Adv. Life Sci. 6(3/4), 279–290 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bernstein, E., Bunch, J., Canner, N., Lee, M.: Beyond the Holacracy hype. Harv. Bus. Rev. 94(7), 38–49 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Qumer, A., Henderson-Sellers, B.: A framework to support the evaluation, adoption and improvement of agile methods in practice. J. Syst. Softw. 81(11), 1899–1919 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Dikert, K., Paasivaara, M., Lassenius, C.: Challenges and success factors for large-scale agile transformations: a systematic literature review. J. Syst. Softw. 119, 87–108 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Guzzo, R.A., Dickson, M.W.: Teams in organizations: recent research on performance and effectiveness. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 47, 307–338 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lederer, M., Schott, P., Knapp, J.: The digital future has many names - how business process management drives the digital transformation. In: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Industrial Technology and Management, pp. 22–26 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Sidky, A., Arthur, J., Bohner, S.: A disciplined approach to adopting agile practices: the agile adoption framework. Innov. Syst. Softw. Eng. 3(3), 203–216 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11334-007-0026-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Rohunen, A., Rodriguez, P., Kuvaja, P., Krzanik, L., Markkula, J.: Approaches to agile adoption in large settings: a comparison of the results from a literature analysis and an industrial inventory. In: Ali Babar, M., Vierimaa, M., Oivo, M. (eds.) PROFES 2010. LNCS, vol. 6156, pp. 77–91. Springer, Heidelberg (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13792-1_8

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Hoda, R., Noble, J.: Becoming agile - a grounded theory of agile transitions in practice. In: Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Software Engineering, pp. 141–151 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Culha, D., Dogru, A.: Towards an agile methodology for business process development. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Subject-Oriented Business Process Management, pp. 133–142 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Schmitt, A., Hörner, A.: Systematic literature review – improving business processes by implementing agile. Bus. Process Manag. J. 27(3), 868–882 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Pflanzl, N., Vossen, G.: Human-oriented challenges of social BPM: an overview. In: Jung, R., Reichert, M. (eds.) Enterprise Modelling and Information Systems Architectures, pp. 163–176. Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Imgrund, F., Janiesch, C.: Understanding the need for new perspectives on BPM in the digital age: an empirical analysis. In: Di Francescomarino, C., Dijkman, R., Zdun, U. (eds.) BPM 2019. LNBIP, vol. 362, pp. 288–300. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37453-2_24

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  21. Kajan, E., Faci, N., Maamar, Z., Loo, A., Pljaskovic, A., Sheng, Q.Z.: The network-based business process. IEEE Internet Comput. 18(2), 63–69 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Fleischmann, A., Schmidt, W., Stary, C.: Subject-oriented BPM = socially executable BP. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Business Informatics, pp. 15–18 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lederer, M., Meier, J., Heider, L.: A multidimensional indicator system for quantifying business process interface problems. Int. J. Manag. Pract. 13(3), 295–320 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Mayring, P.: Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse. Beltz, Weinheim (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Okoli, C., Schabram, K.: Guide to conducting a systematic literature review of information systems research. Inf. Syst. 10(26), 1–39 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Gemünden, H.G., Salomo, S., Krieger, A.: The influence of project autonomy on project success. Int. J. Proj. Manag. 23(5), 366–373 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Pinto, M.B., Pinto, J.K.: Project team communication and cross-functional cooperation in new program development. J. Prod. Innov. Manag. 7(3), 200–212 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Morgan, G.: Images of Organization. Sage, Beverly Hills (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Takeuchi, H., Nonaka, I.: The new product development game. Harv. Bus. Rev. 64(1), 137–146 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Hut, J., Molleman, E.: Empowerment and team development. Team Perform. Manag. 4(2), 53–66 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Salas, E., Sims, D.E., Burke, C.S.: Is there a ‘big five’ in teamwork? Small Group Res. 36(1), 555–599 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Gulliksen Stray, V., Moe, N.B., Dingsøyr, T.: Challenges to teamwork: a multiple case study of two agile teams. In: Sillitti, A., Hazzan, O., Bache, E., Albaladejo, X. (eds.) XP 2011. LNBIP, vol. 77, pp. 146–161. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20677-1_11

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  33. Hoda, R.: Self-organizing agile teams: a grounded theory. Victoria University, Wellington (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Langfred, C.W.: The paradox of self-management, individual and group autonomy in work groups. J. Organ. Behav. 21(5), 563–585 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Högl, M., Parboteeah, K.P.: Autonomy and teamwork in innovative projects. Hum. Resour. Manag. 45(1), 67–79 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Hoda, R., Noble, J., Marshall, S.: Self-organizing roles on agile software development teams. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 39(3), 422–444 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Stray, V., Moe, N.B., Hoda, R.: Autonomous agile teams: challenges and future directions for research. In: Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Agile Software Development, pp. 1–5 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Chow, T., Cao, D.: A survey study of critical success factors in agile software projects. J. Syst. Softw. 81, 961–971 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Marks, M.A., Mathieu, J.E., Zaccaro, S.J.: A temporally based framework and taxonomy of team processes. Acad. Manage. Rev. 26(3), 356–376 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Ancona, D., Bresman, H., Caldwell, D.: The X-factor: six steps to leading high-performing X-teams. Organ. Dyn. 38, 217–224 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Cockburn, A., Highsmith, J.: Agile software development: the people factor. Computer 34(11), 131–133 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Babb, J.S., Hoda, R., Nørbjerg, J.: Embedding reflection and learning into agile software development. IEEE Softw. 31(4), 51–57 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Qureshi, M.R.J., Abass, Z.: Long term learning of agile teams. Int. J. Softw. Eng. Appl. 8(6), 1–18 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  44. Lamoreux, M.: Improving agile team learning by improving team reflections. In: Proceedings of the Agile Development Conference, pp. 1–6 (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Kröll, M.: Innovations, agile management methods and personnel development. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, pp. 299–309 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Cinite, I., Duxbury, L.E.: Measuring the behavioral properties of commitment and resistance to organizational change. J. Appl. Behav. Sci. 54(2), 113–139 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Thorgren, S., Caiman, E.: The role of psychological safety in implementing agile methods across cultures. Res. Technol. Manag. 62(2), 31–39 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Schell, S., Bischof, N.: Change the way of working. Ways into self-organization with the use of Holacracy: an empirical investigation. Eur. Manag. Rev. 21(5), 1–15 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Fowler, M., Highsmith, J.: The agile manifesto. Softw. Dev. 9(8), 28–34 (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Karhatsu, H., Ikonen, M., Kettunen, P., Fagerholm, F., Abrahamsso, P.: Building blocks for self-organizing software development teams: a framework model and empirical pilot study. In: 2nd Software Technology and Engineering (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Whitworth, E., Biddle, R.: Motivation and cohesion in agile teams. In: Proceedings of the Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming International Conference, pp. 62–69 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Keller, R.T.: Cross-functional project groups in research and new product development: diversity, communications, job stress, and outcomes. Acad. Manag. J. 44(3), 547–555 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Gren, L.: The links between agile practices, interpersonal conflict, and perceived productivity. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering, pp. 292–297 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Matthias Lederer .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Lederer, M., Thummerer, J. (2022). Organizing a Self-organized Team: Towards a Maturity Model for Agile Business Process Management. In: Elstermann, M., Betz, S., Lederer, M. (eds) Subject-Oriented Business Process Management. Dynamic Digital Design of Everything – Designing or being designed?. S-BPM ONE 2022. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 1632. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19704-8_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19704-8_10

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-19703-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-19704-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics