Abstract
Age detection from handwritten documents is a crucial research area in many disciplines such as forensic analysis and medical diagnosis. Furthermore, this task is challenging due to the high similarity and overlap between individuals’ handwriting. The performance of the document recognition and analysis systems, depends on the extracted features from handwritten documents, which can be a challenging task as this depends on extracting the most relevant information from row text. In this paper, a set of age-related features suggested by a graphologist, to detect the age of the writers, have been proposed. These features include irregularity in slant, irregularity in pen pressure, irregularity in textlines, and the percentage of black and white pixels. Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifier has been used to train, validate and test the proposed approach on two different datasets: the FSHS and the Khatt dataset. The proposed method has achieved a classification rate of 71% when applied to FSHS dataset. Meanwhile, our method outperformed state-of-arts methods when applied to the Khatt dataset with a classification rate of 65.2%. Currently, these are the best rates in this field.
Supported by organization x.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Marzinotto, G., et al.: Age-related evolution patterns in online handwriting. Comput. Math. Methods Med. 2016 (2016)
Marzinotto, G., Rosales, J.C., El-Yacoubi, M.A., Garcia-Salicetti, S.: Age and gender characterization through a two layer clustering of online handwriting. In: Battiato, S., Blanc-Talon, J., Gallo, G., Philips, W., Popescu, D., Scheunders, P. (eds.) ACIVS 2015. LNCS, vol. 9386, pp. 428–439. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25903-1_37
Bouadjenek, N., Nemmour, H., Chibani, Y.: Age, gender and handedness prediction from handwriting using gradient features. In: 2015 13th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), pp. 1116–1120. IEEE (2015)
Basavaraja, V., Shivakumara, P., Guru, D.S., Pal, U., Lu, T., Blumenstein, M.: Age estimation using disconnectedness features in handwriting. In: 2019 International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), pp. 1131–1136 (2019)
Marti, U.-V., Bunke, H.: The IAM-database: an English sentence database for offline handwriting recognition. Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recogn. 5(1), 39–46 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s100320200071
Mahmoud, S.A., et al.: KHATT: an open Arabic offline handwritten text database. Pattern Recogn. 47(3), 1096–1112 (2014)
Viard-Gaudin, C., Lallican, P.M., Knerr, S., Binter, P.: The IRESTE on/off (IRONOFF) dual handwriting database. In: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, ICDAR 1999 (Cat. No. PR00318), pp. 455–458 (1999)
Hasseim, A., Sudirman, R., Khalid, P.I.: Handwriting classification based on support vector machine with cross validation. Engineering 05, 84–87 (2013)
Al Maadeed, S., Hassaine, A.: Automatic prediction of age, gender, and nationality in offline handwriting. EURASIP J. Image Video Process. 2014(1), 1–10 (2014)
Al-Maadeed, S., Ayouby, W., Hassaïne, A., Jaam, J.: QUWI: an Arabic and English handwriting dataset for offline writer identification. In: International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition, pp. 746–751 (2012)
AL-Qawasmeh, N., Suen, C.Y.: Gender detection from handwritten documents using concept of transfer-learning. In: Lu, Y., Vincent, N., Yuen, P.C., Zheng, W.-S., Cheriet, F., Suen, C.Y. (eds.) ICPRAI 2020. LNCS, vol. 12068, pp. 3–13. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59830-3_1
Liu, D., Yu, J.: Otsu method and k-means. In: 2009 Ninth International Conference on Hybrid Intelligent Systems, vol. 1, pp. 344–349 (2009)
Khayyat, M., Lam, L., Suen, C.Y., Yin, F., Liu, C.-L.: Arabic handwritten text line extraction by applying an adaptive mask to morphological dilation. In: 10th IAPR International Workshop on Document Analysis Systems, DAS 2012, Gold Coast, Queenslands, Australia, pp. 100–104 (2012)
He, L., Chao, Y., Suzuki, K., Kesheng, W.: Fast connected-component labeling. Pattern Recogn. 42(9), 1977–1987 (2009)
Chin, W., Harvey, A., Jennings, A.: Skew detection in handwritten scripts. In: TENCON 1997 Brisbane-Australia. Proceedings of IEEE TENCON 1997. IEEE Region 10 Annual Conference. Speech and Image Technologies for Computing and Telecommunications (Cat. No. 97CH36162), vol. 1, pp. 319–322. IEEE (1997)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
AL-Qawasmeh, N., Khayyat, M., Suen, C.Y. (2022). Novel Feature Extraction Methods to Detect Age from Handwriting. In: Carmona-Duarte, C., Diaz, M., Ferrer, M.A., Morales, A. (eds) Intertwining Graphonomics with Human Movements. IGS 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13424. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19745-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19745-1_11
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-19744-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-19745-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)