Abstract
Cyber-physical systems (CPS) are typically implemented as a set of real-time control tasks with periodic activation. When a control task misses it’s deadline, policies for handling deadline miss – e.g. delayed scheduling of the task instance – may still lead the CPS into an unsafe or sub-optimal state. We present a technique for exact checking of such control safety and reachability properties, for a class of CPS, under common deadline miss handling and control update policies. In particular, we propose a joint encoding of control and scheduling behaviour as a satisfiability-modulo-theory formulation and a novel abstraction-refinement procedure with incremental solving to scale the analysis. Case studies with realistic systems show the utility of our approach.
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Notes
- 1.
While our method can be adapted to handle preemptions, we focus on NP scheduling for ease of presentation and leave the extension as future work.
- 2.
We assume a time-triggered hardware implementation of sensing/actuation, outside the scheduling purview, with values stored in buffers accessed by the control task.
- 3.
Under NP-RM, priority (period) must be higher (lower): \(P_i \le P_{i'} ~\vee ~ s^i_j < r^{i'}_{j'}\).
- 4.
Under NP-RM, this is \(P^{i'}<P^i\).
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Acknowledgement
Hobbs and Chakraborty were funded by NSF grant 2038960.
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Yeolekar, A., Metta, R., Hobbs, C., Chakraborty, S. (2022). Checking Scheduling-Induced Violations of Control Safety Properties. In: Bouajjani, A., Holík, L., Wu, Z. (eds) Automated Technology for Verification and Analysis. ATVA 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13505. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-19992-9_7
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