Skip to main content

Active Transfer Learning for Handwriting Recognition

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR 2022)

Abstract

With the advent of deep neural networks, handwriting recognition systems have recently achieved remarkable performance. Unfortunately, to achieve high-quality results, these models require large amounts of labeled training data, which is difficult to obtain. Various methods have been proposed to reduce the volume of training data required. We propose a framework for fitting new handwriting recognition models that joins both active and transfer learning into a unified framework. Empirical results show that our method performs better than traditional active learning, transfer learning, and standard supervised training methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Aberdam, A., et al.: Sequence-to-sequence contrastive learning for text recognition. arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.10873 (2020)

  2. Alonso, E., Moysset, B., Messina, R.: Adversarial generation of handwritten text images conditioned on sequences. In: 15th IAPR International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR) (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bluche, T., Messina, R.: Gated convolutional recurrent neural networks for multilingual handwriting recognition. In: 2017 14th IAPR International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), pp. 646–651 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2017.111

  4. Chang, B., Zhang, Q., Pan, S., Meng, L.: Generating handwritten Chinese characters using cyclegan. In: 2018 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Chattopadhyay, R., Fan, W., Davidson, I., Panchanathan, S., Ye, J.: Joint transfer and batch-mode active learning. In: International Conference on Machine Learning (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Davis, B., Tensmeyer, C., Price, B., Wigington, C., Morse, B., Jain, R.: Text and style conditioned Gan for generation of offline handwriting lines. In: The 31st British Machine Vision Conference (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Fogel, S., Averbuch-Elor, H., Cohen, S., Mazor, S., Litman, R.: IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR). In: ScrabbleGAN: Semi-supervised Varying Length Handwritten Text Generation (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ganin, Y., et al.: Domain-adversarial training of neural networks. In: Csurka, G. (ed.) Domain Adaptation in Computer Vision Applications. ACVPR, pp. 189–209. Springer, Cham (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58347-1_10

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Graves, A., Fernández, S., Gomez, F., Schmidhuber, J.: Connectionist temporal classification: labeling unsegmented sequence data with recurrent neural networks. In: International Conference on Machine Learning (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Grosicki, E., Carré, M., Geoffrois, E., Prêteux, F.: Rimes evaluation campaign for handwritten mail processing. In: International Workshop on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (IWFHR 2006), pp. 231–235 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kale, D., Liu, Y.: Accelerating active learning with transfer learning. In: 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Data Mining, pp. 1085–1090 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDM.2013.160

  12. Kang, L., Riba, P., Rusiñol, M., Fornés, A., Villegas, M.: Distilling content from style for handwritten word recognition. In: 2020 17th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR), pp. 139–144 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR2020.2020.00035

  13. Kang, L., Rusiñol, M., Fornés, A., Riba, P., Villegas, M.: Unsupervised adaptation for synthetic-to-real handwritten word recognition. In: 2020 IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), pp. 3491–3500 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/WACV45572.2020.9093392

  14. Keret, S., Wolf, L., Dershowitz, N., Werner, E., Almogi, O., Wangchuk, D.: Transductive learning for reading handwritten tibetan manuscripts. In: International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR) (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kleber, F., Fiel, S., Diem, M., Sablatnig, R.: CVL-database: an off-line database for writer retrieval, writer identification and word spotting. In: 2013 12th International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition, pp. 560–564 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2013.117

  16. Marti, U.V., Bunke, H.: The IAM-database: an English sentence database for offline handwriting recognition. Int. J. Doc. Anal. Recogn. 5, 39–46 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s100320200071

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. Rai, P., Saha, A., Daumé, H., Venkatasubramanian, S.: Domain adaptation meets active learning. In: Proceedings of the NAACL HLT 2010 Workshop on Active Learning for Natural Language Processing, pp. 27–32. Association for Computational Linguistics, Los Angeles, California (2010). https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W10-0104

  18. Romero, V., Sánchez, J.A., Toselli, A.H.: Active learning in handwritten text recognition using the derivational entropy. In: 2018 16th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR), pp. 291–296 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICFHR-2018.2018.00058

  19. Shi, X., Fan, W., Ren, J.: Actively transfer domain knowledge. In: Daelemans, W., Goethals, B., Morik, K. (eds.) ECML PKDD 2008. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 5212, pp. 342–357. Springer, Heidelberg (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-87481-2_23

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  20. Singh, A., Chakraborty, S.: Deep active transfer learning for image recognition. In: 2020 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN), pp. 1–9 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/IJCNN48605.2020.9207391

  21. de Sousa Neto, A.F., Bezerra, B.L.D., Toselli, A.H., Lima, E.B.: HTR-Flor++: a handwritten text recognition system based on a pipeline of optical and language models. In: Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Document Engineering 2020. DocEng 2020, Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA (2020). https://doi.org/10.1145/3395027.3419603

  22. Tsakalis, K.: Active learning for historic handwritten text recognition. Ph.D. thesis, University of Cambridge (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Wigington, C., Stewart, S., Davis, B., Barrett, B., Price, B., Cohen, S.: Data augmentation for recognition of handwritten words and lines using a CNN-LSTM network. In: 2017 14th IAPR International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition (ICDAR), vol. 01, pp. 639–645 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDAR.2017.110

  24. Zamir, A.R., Sax, A., Shen, W., Guibas, L., Malik, J., Savarese, S.: Taskonomy: disentangling task transfer learning. In: 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3712–3722 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/CVPR.2018.00391

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mark Clement .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Burdett, E. et al. (2022). Active Transfer Learning for Handwriting Recognition. In: Porwal, U., Fornés, A., Shafait, F. (eds) Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition. ICFHR 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13639. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21648-0_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21648-0_17

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-21647-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-21648-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics