Abstract
The aim of the paper is to design and verify a solution for collecting and analysing logs of a distributed application, which is operated as Software as a Service (SaaS) in the cloud environment in Kubernetes technology. Applications running in cloud environment are not monolithic in most cases, but consist of a large number of co-operating microservices. Providing logging for such distributed applications presents a complex issue, where to provide a comprehensive view of the application state, it is necessary to provide logging across all microservices representing the application. This paper first introduces modern approaches for application development using the technical means of virtualization, containerization and orchestration with an emphasis on Kubernetes technology. Next, approaches and analysis of application logging options are presented with the emphasis on the use of ELK and PLG stack technologies. Based on the analysis, a technical solution for logging applications in Kubernetes environment, operated in the form of SaaS, is proposed and verified.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Morley, J., Widdicks, K., Hazas, M.: Digitalisation, energy and data demand: the impact of Internet traffic on overall and peak electricity consumption. Energy Res. Soc. Sci. 38, 128–137 (2018). ISSN 22146296
Abbasi, A.A., Abbasi, A., Shamshirband, S., Chronopoulos, A.T., Persico V., Pescape, A.: Software-defined cloud computing: a systematic review on latest trends and developments (2019). ISSN 2169-3536
Tranos, E., Stich, Ch.: Individual internet usage and the availability of online content of local interest: a multilevel approach. Comput. Environ. Urban Syst. 79, 101371 (2020). ISSN 01989715
Villamizar, M., Garces, O., Castro, H., et al.: Evaluating the monolithic and the microservice architecture pattern to deploy web applications in the cloud. In: Sanchez, M., Gonzalez, O. (eds.) 2015 10th Computing Colombian Conference (10ccc). IEEE, New York (2015). ISBN 978-1-4673-9464-2, iSSN 2378-8216
El Kafhali, S., El Mir, I., Salah, K., Hanini, M.: Dynamic scalability model for containerized cloud services. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 45(12), 10693–10708 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-04847-2. SSN 2193-567X
Piraghaj, S.F., Vahid Dastjerdi, A., Calheiros R.N., Buyya, R.: A survey and taxonomy of energy efficient resource management techniques in platform as a service cloud. In: Handbook of Research on End-to-End Cloud Computing Architecture Design. Advances in Systems Analysis, Software Engineering, and High Performance Computing (2017). ISBN 9781522507598
Senapathi, M., Buchan, J., Osman, H.: DevOps capabilities, practices, and challenges. In: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (2018). ISBN 9781450364034
Maroukian, K., Gulliver, S.R.: Leading DevOps practice and principle adoption. In: 9th International Conference on Information Technology Convergence and Services (ITCSE 2020) (2020)
Balalaie, A., Heydarnoori, A., Jamshidi, P.: Microservices architecture enables DevOps migration to a cloud-native architecture. IEEE Computer, Los Alamitos (2016). ISSN 0740-7459
Elbert, C., Gallardo, E., Hernantes, J.; DevOps. IEEE Computer Society, Los Alamitos (2016). ISSN 0740-7459
Pi, A., Chen, W., Zhou, X., Ji, M.: Profiling distributed systems in lightweight virtualized environments with logs and resource metrics. In: Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed Computing (2018). ISBN 9781450357852
Jash, S., Ganesh, R., Rachhadia, T.D., Shah, P.K.: A hierarchical approach to extract application logs with visualization in a containerized environment. In: 2019 International Conference on Computing, Power and Communication Technologies (GUCON) (2019)
Solomon, F.I.: Securing websites web applications using data analytics. In: 2019 International Conference on Computational Intelligence in Data Science (ICCIDS) (2019)
Li, Y., Jiang, Y., Gu, J., et al.: A cloud-based framework for large-scale log mining through apache spark and elasticsearch. Appl. Sci. 9(6) (2019. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9061114). ISSN 2076-3417. Accessed 09 Nov 2021
Lee, B.-H., Yang, D.-M.: A security log analysis system using Logstash based on apache elasticsearch. J. Korea Inst. Inf. Commun. Eng. 22(2), 382–389 (2018)
Shonia, O., Topuria, N., & Kulijanovi, K. Collection and analysis of log data with cloud services. Bull. Georg. Natl. Acad. Sci. (2021)
Mfula, H., Nurminen, J.K.: Self-healing cloud services in private multi-clouds. In: 2018 International Conference on High Performance Computing & Simulation (HPCS), pp. 165–170. IEEE (2018)
Ramos, F., Viegas, E., Santin, A., Horchulhack, P., Dos Santos, R., Espindola, A.: A machine learning model for detection of Docker-based APP overbooking on kubernetes. In: ICC 2021 - IEEE International Conference on Communications (2021). ISBN 978-1-7281-7122-7
Pradhan, R., Dash, A.K.: An Overview of Microservices. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol. 601. Springer, Singapore (2020)
Pahl, C., Jamshidi, P., Zimmermann, O.: Microservices and containers. Softw. Eng. 2020 (2020)
Srirama, S.N., Adhikari, M., Paul, S.: Application deployment using containers with auto-scaling for microservices in cloud environment. J. Netw. Comput. Appl. 160, 102629 (2020). ISSN 10848045
Abdullah, M., Iqbal, W., Bukhari, F.: Containers vs virtual machines for auto-scaling multi-tier applications under dynamically increasing workloads. In: Bajwa, I.S., Kamareddine, F., Costa, A. (eds.) INTAP 2018. CCIS, vol. 932, pp. 153–167. Springer, Singapore (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6052-7_14 ISBN 9789811360527, ISSN 1865-0929
Zhang, Q., Liu, L., Pu, C., et al.: A comparative study of containers and virtual machines in big data environment. New York (2018). ISBN 978-1-5386-7235-8
Khan, A.: Key characteristics of a container orchestration platform to enable a modern application. IEEE Cloud Computing (2017). ISSN 2325-6095
Muddinagiri, R., Ambavane, S., Bayas, S.: Self-hosted kubernetes: deploying docker containers locally with minikube. In: 2019 International Conference on Innovative Trends and Advances in Engineering and Technology (ICITAET) (2019)
Dewi, L.P., Noertjahyana, A., Palit, H.N., Yedutun, K.: Server scalability using kubernetes. In: 2019 4th Technology Innovation Management and Engineering Science International Conference (TIMES-iCON) (2019). ISBN 978-1-7281-3755-1
Ferreira, A.P., Sinnott, R.: A performance evaluation of containers running on managed kubernetes services. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom) (2019). ISSN 2330-2186
Vayghan, L.A., Saied, M.A., Toeroe, M., et al.: Deploying microservice based applications with kubernetes: experiments and lessons learned. In: 2018 IEEE 11th International Conference on Cloud Computing (CLOUD) (2018). ISSN 2159-6190
Vayghan, L.A., Saied, M.A., Toeroe, M., et al.: Microservice based architecture: towards high-availability for stateful applications with kubernetes. In: 2019 IEEE 19th International Conference on Software Quality, Reliability and Security (QRS) (2019)
Pichan, A., Lazarescu, M., Soh, S.T.: Towards a practical cloud forensics logging framework. J. Inf. Secur. Appl. 42, 18–28 (2019). ISSN 22142126
Jayathilaka, H., Krintz, C., Wolski, R.: Performance monitoring and root cause analysis for cloud-hosted web applications. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2017). ISBN 978-1-4503-4913-0
Lamouchi, N.: Flying All Over the Sky with Quarkus and Kubernetes. In: Lamouchi, N. (ed.) Pro Java Microservices with Quarkus and Kubernetes, pp. 363–395. Apress, Berkeley, (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-7170-4_14 ISBN 978-1-4842-7169-8
Dooley, R., Brandt, S., Liang, K., Tanner, E. Experiences migrating the agave platform to a kubernetes native system on the jetstream cloud. In: Practice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing, 17 July 2021, pp. 1–4. ACM, New York (2021). https://doi.org/10.1145/3437359.346559. ISBN 9781450382922. Accessed 09 Nov 2021
Acknowledgment
The research has been supported by the Faculty of Informatics and Management UHK specific research project 2107 Integration of Departmental Research Activities and Students’ Research Activities Support II. We would like to thank Mr. P. Kratochvil, a graduate of Faculty of management and informatics, University of Hradec Kralove, for the practical verification of the proposed solutions and close cooperation in the solution.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 ICST Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering
About this paper
Cite this paper
Horalek, J., Urbanik, P., Sobeslav, V., Svoboda, T. (2023). Proposed Solution for Log Collection and Analysis in Kubernetes Environment. In: Phan, C.V., Nguyen, T.D. (eds) Nature of Computation and Communication. ICTCC 2022. Lecture Notes of the Institute for Computer Sciences, Social Informatics and Telecommunications Engineering, vol 473. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28790-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-28790-9_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-28789-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-28790-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)