Abstract
The interest in silicon photonics as a quantum enabling technology is rapidly growing, and Photonic Integrated Chips (PICs) have been proven to be a robust and viable solution in such research fields. As this technology applied to the quantum world is relatively young, some areas of interest remain uninspected, especially the control and output optimization. In this work, we propose an image processing tool to control and optimize a PIC based solely on images captured by a camera and without invasive output detectors. We tested this architecture on a Silicon Oxynitride (SiON) PIC where several Mach-Zehnder interferometers can be voltage driven by Titanium-Titanium Nitride (TiTiN) thermistors. By comparing the results of the image processing algorithm with those retrieved by silicon photodetectors on the same chip, we have proven that our approach can match or even outperform the traditional approach of sensing outputs with silicon photodetectors.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Sensor and devices, fondazione bruno kessler. https://sd.fbk.eu/en/about-us/
Annoni, A., et al.: Automated routing and control of silicon photonic switch fabrics. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 22(6), 169–176 (2016)
Blümel, R., et al.: Efficient stabilized two-qubit gates on a trapped-ion quantum computer. Phys. Rev. Lett. 126(22) (2021). https://doi.org/10.1103
Boothby, K., et al.: Architectural considerations in the design of a third-generation superconducting quantum annealing processor (2021). arxiv.org/abs/2108.02322
Gemma, L., Bernard, M., Ghulinyan, M., Brunelli, D.: Analysis of control and sensing interfaces in a photonic integrated chip solution for quantum computing. In: Proceedings of the 17th ACM International Conference on Computing Frontiers, CF 2020, pp. 245–248. Association for Computing Machinery, New York (2020). https://doi.org/10.1145/3387902.3394034
Gemma, L., Bernard, M., Ghulinyan, M., Brunelli, D.: Analysis of photodiode sensing devices in a photonic integrated chip solution for quantum computing. In: 2020 IEEE SENSORS, pp. 1–4. IEEE (2020)
Kim, I.H., Liu, Y.H., Pallister, S., Pol, W., Roberts, S., Lee, E.: Fault-tolerant resource estimate for quantum chemical simulations: case study on li-ion battery electrolyte molecules. Phys. Rev. Res. 4(2), 023019 (2022)
Liu, Y., Minev, Z., McConkey, T., Gambetta, J.: Design of interacting superconducting quantum circuits with quasi-lumped models. Bulletin of the American Physical Society (2022)
Nature: Light on quantum advantage (2021). https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-021-00953-0#ref-CR3
O’Brien, W., et al.: Superconducting caps for quantum integrated circuits (2017). https://arxiv.org/abs/1708.02219
Pérez, D., Gasulla, I., Mahapatra, P.D., Capmany, J.: Principles, fundamentals, and applications of programmable integrated photonics. Adv. Opt. Photon. 12(3), 709–786 (2020). https://opg.optica.org/aop/abstract.cfm?URI=aop-12-3-709
Reck, M., Zeilinger, A., Bernstein, H.J., Bertani, P.: Experimental realization of any discrete unitary operator. Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 58–61 (1994). https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.73.58
Roeloffzen, C.G.H., et al.: Low-loss si3n4 triplex optical waveguides: technology and applications overview. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quantum Electron. 24(4), 1–21 (2018)
Samad, A.A., Unni, C.: Image processing based end-view alignment for symmetric specialty optical fibers. In: 2018 Second International Conference on Inventive Communication and Computational Technologies (ICICCT), pp. 1080–1082 (2018)
Taballione, C., et al.: 20-mode universal quantum photonic processor (2022). https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.01801
Times, N.Y.: Why google’s quantum supremacy milestone matters (2019). https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/30/opinion/google-quantum-computer-sycamore.html
Vahabi, N., Yang, D., Selviah, D.R.: Improving data transmission in fiber optics by detecting scratches on the fiber end face. In: 2018 IEEE British and Irish Conference on Optics and Photonics (BICOP), pp. 1–4 (2018)
Vaitiekenas, S., et al.: Fluxinduced topological superconductivity in full-shell nanowires. Science 367(6485), eaav3392 (2020)
Acknowledgment
We acknowledge the support of the MNF Laboratory staff of FBK during sample fabrication. We acknowledge financial support from the Autonomous Province of Trento, under the initiative “Quantum at Trento - Q@TN”, projects Q-PIXPAD and CoSiQuP. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements No 777222, ATTRACT INPEQuT and No 899368, EPIQUS.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Gemma, L., Bernard, M., Brunelli, D. (2023). An Image Processing Algorithm to Optimize the Output Configuration of a Photonic Integrated Circuit. In: Berta, R., De Gloria, A. (eds) Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society. ApplePies 2022. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 1036. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30333-3_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30333-3_35
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-30332-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-30333-3
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)