Abstract
High Performance Computing (HPC) users are often provided little or no information at job submission time regarding how long their job will be queued until it begins execution. Foreknowledge of a long queue time can inform HPC user’s decision to migrate their jobs to commercial cloud infrastructure to receive their results sooner. Various researchers have used different machine learning techniques to build queue time estimators. This research applies the proven technique of K-Means clustering followed by Gradient Boosted Tree regression on over 700,000 jobs actually submitted to an HPC system to predict a submitted job’s queue time from HPC system characteristics and user provided job requirements. This method applied to HPC queue time prediction achieves better than 96% accuracy at classifying whether a job will start prior to an assigned deadline. Additionally, this research shows that historic HPC CPU allocation data can be used to predict future increases or decreases in job queue time with accuracy exceeding 96%.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Becker, D.J., Sterling, T., Savarese, D., Dorband, J.E., Ranawak, U.A., Packer, C.V.: Beowulf: a parallel workstation for scientific computation. In: Proceedings, International Conference on Parallel Processing, vol. 95, pp. 11–14 (1995)
Brown, N., Gibb, G., Belikov, E., Nash, R.: Predicting batch queue job wait times for informed scheduling of urgent hpc workloads. arXiv preprint arXiv:2204.13543 (2022)
Friedman, J.H.: Greedy function approximation: a gradient boosting machine. Ann. Stat. 29, 1189–1232 (2001)
Henriques, J., Caldeira, F., Cruz, T., Simões, P.: Combining k-means and xgboost models for anomaly detection using log datasets. Electronics 9(7), 1164 (2020)
Hunter, J.D.: Matplotlib: a 2d graphics environment. Comput. Sci. Eng. 9(3), 90–95 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2007.55
Jancauskas, V., Piontek, T., Kopta, P., Bosak, B.: Predicting queue wait time probabilities for multi-scale computing. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. A 377(2142), 20180151 (2019)
Kumar, R., Vadhiyar, S.: Prediction of queue waiting times for metascheduling on parallel batch systems. In: Cirne, W., Desai, N. (eds.) JSSPP 2014. LNCS, vol. 8828, pp. 108–128. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15789-4_7
Likas, A., Vlassis, N., Verbeek, J.J.: The global k-means clustering algorithm. Pattern Recogn. 36(2), 451–461 (2003)
Liu, Y., Luo, H., Zhao, B., Zhao, X., Han, Z.: Short-term power load forecasting based on clustering and xgboost method. In: 2018 IEEE 9th International Conference on Software Engineering and Service Science (ICSESS), pp. 536–539. IEEE (2018)
Meng, X., et al.: Mllib: machine learning in apache spark. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 17(1), 1235–1241 (2016)
Okanlawon, A., Yang, H., Bose, A., Hsu, W., Andresen, D., Tanash, M.: Feature selection for learning to predict outcomes of compute cluster jobs with application to decision support. In: 2020 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI), pp. 1231–1236. IEEE (2020)
Pearson, K.: Vii. note on regression and inheritance in the case of two parents. In: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, vol. 58, pp. 347–352, 240–242 (1895)
Tanash, M., Dunn, B., Andresen, D., Hsu, W., Yang, H., Okanlawon, A.: Improving hpc system performance by predicting job resources via supervised machine learning. In: Proceedings of the Practice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing on Rise of the Machines (learning), pp. 1–8 (2019)
Thorndike, R.L.: Who belongs in the family. Psychometrika, pp. 267–276 (1953)
Van Rossum, G., Drake, F.L.: Python 3 Reference Manual. CreateSpace, Scotts Valley (2009)
Yoo, A.B., Jette, M.A., Grondona, M.: SLURM: simple linux utility for resource management. In: Feitelson, D., Rudolph, L., Schwiegelshohn, U. (eds.) JSSPP 2003. LNCS, vol. 2862, pp. 44–60. Springer, Heidelberg (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/10968987_3
Zaharia, M., et al.: Apache spark: a unified engine for big data processing. Commun. ACM 59(11), 56–65 (2016)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hutchison, S., Andresen, D., Neilsen, M., Hsu, W., Parsons, B. (2023). High Performance Computing Queue Time Prediction Using Clustering and Regression. In: Wyrzykowski, R., Dongarra, J., Deelman, E., Karczewski, K. (eds) Parallel Processing and Applied Mathematics. PPAM 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13827. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30445-3_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-30445-3_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-30444-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-30445-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)