Abstract
A typical Internet of Things (IoT) system consists of a large number of different subsystems and devices, including sensors and actuators, gateways that connect them to the Internet, cloud services, end-user applications and analytics. Today, these subsystems are implemented with a broad variety of programming technologies and tools, making it difficult to migrate functionality from one subsystem to another. In our earlier papers, we have predicted the rise of isomorphic IoT system architectures in which all the subsystems can be developed with a consistent set of technologies. In this paper we expand the same research theme to machine learning technologies, highlighting the need to use ML in a consistent and uniform fashion across the entire Cloud-Edge continuum.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Babazadeh, M., Gallidabino, A., Pautasso, C.: Decentralized stream processing over web-enabled devices. In: Dustdar, S., Leymann, F., Villari, M. (eds.) ESOCC 2015. LNCS, vol. 9306, pp. 3–18. Springer, Cham (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24072-5_1
Debauche, O., Mahmoudi, S., Mahmoudi, S.A., Manneback, P., Lebeau, F.: A new edge architecture for AI-IoT services deployment. Procedia Comput. Sci. 175, 10–19 (2020)
Francis, B.: Web Thing API. https://webthings.io/api/. Accessed 25 Jan 2023
Fuggetta, A., Picco, G.P., Vigna, G.: Understanding code mobility. IEEE Trans. Software Eng. 24(5), 342–361 (1998)
Gallidabino, A., Pautasso, C.: The LiquidWebWorker API for horizontal offloading of stateless computations. J. Web Eng. 17, 405–448 (2019). https://doi.org/10.13052/jwe1540-9589.17672
Gallidabino, A., Pautasso, C., Mikkonen, T., Systä, K., Voutilainen, J.P., Taivalsaari, A.: Architecting liquid software. J. Web Eng. 16(5–6), 433–470 (2017). https://doi.org/10.26421/JWE16.5-6, https://www.rintonpress.com/journals/jweonline.html#v16n56
Gurunath, R., Agarwal, M., Nandi, A., Samanta, D.: An overview: security issue in IoT network. In: 2018 2nd International Conference on I-SMAC (IoT in Social, Mobile, Analytics and Cloud), pp. 104–107. IEEE (2018)
Hartman, J.J., et al.: Joust: a platform for liquid software. Computer 32(4), 50–56 (1999)
Keshavarzi, A., van den Hoek, W.: Edge intelligence-on the challenging road to a trillion smart connected IoT devices. IEEE Design Test 36(2), 41–64 (2019)
Liu, Y., Peng, M., Shou, G., Chen, Y., Chen, S.: Toward edge intelligence: multiaccess edge computing for 5G and internet of things. IEEE Internet Things J. 7(8), 6722–6747 (2020)
Ludwig, H., Baracaldo, N.: Federated Learning: A Comprehensive Overview of Methods and Applications. Springer, Cham (2022)
Mikkonen, T., Pautasso, C., Taivalsaari, A.: Isomorphic internet of things architectures with web technologies. Computer 54(7), 69–78 (2021)
Moreschini, S., Pecorelli, F., Li, X., Naz, S., Hästbacka, D., Taibi, D.: Cloud continuum: the definition. IEEE Access 10, 131876–131886 (2022)
Pääkkönen, P., Pakkala, D.: Reference architecture and classification of technologies, products and services for big data systems. Big Data Res. 2(4), 166–186 (2015)
Peltonen, E., et al.: The many faces of edge intelligence. IEEE Access 10, 104769–104782 (2022)
Puschmann, D., Barnaghi, P., Tafazolli, R.: Adaptive clustering for dynamic IoT data streams. IEEE Internet Things J. 4(1), 64–74 (2016)
Raghavendra, M.S., Chawla, P.: A review on container-based lightweight virtualization for fog computing. In: 2018 7th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions)(ICRITO), pp. 378–384. IEEE (2018)
Seeger, J., Deshmukh, R.A., Sarafov, V., Bröring, A.: Dynamic IoT choreographies. IEEE Pervasive Comput. 18(1), 19–27 (2019)
Sena, B., Garcés, L., Allian, A.P., Nakagawa, E.Y.: Investigating the applicability of architectural patterns in big data systems. In: Proceedings of the 25th Conference on Pattern Languages of Programs, pp. 1–15 (2018)
Strimpel, J., Najim, M.: Building Isomorphic JavaScript Apps: From Concept to Implementation to Real-World Solutions. O’Reilly Media, Sebastopol (2016)
Taivalsaari, A., Mikkonen, T.: A roadmap to the programmable world: software challenges in the IoT era. IEEE Softw. 34(1), 72–80 (2017)
Taivalsaari, A., Mikkonen, T., Pautasso, C.: Towards seamless IoT device-edge-cloud continuum: In: Bakaev, M., Ko, I.-Y., Mrissa, M., Pautasso, C., Srivastava, A. (eds.) ICWE 2021. CCIS, vol. 1508, pp. 82–98. Springer, Cham (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92231-3_8
Taivalsaari, A., Mikkonen, T., Systä, K.: Liquid software manifesto: the era of multiple device ownership and its implications for software architecture. In: 2014 IEEE 38th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference, pp. 338–343. IEEE (2014)
Zhang, Z.K., Cho, M.C.Y., Wang, C.W., Hsu, C.W., Chen, C.K., Shieh, S.: IoT security: ongoing challenges and research opportunities. In: 2014 IEEE 7th International Conference on Service-oriented Computing and Applications, pp. 230–234. IEEE (2014)
Acknowledgments
This work has been supported by Business Finland (project LiquidAI, 8542/31/2022).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Systä, K., Pautasso, C., Taivalsaari, A., Mikkonen, T. (2023). LiquidAI: Towards an Isomorphic AI/ML System Architecture for the Cloud-Edge Continuum. In: Garrigós, I., Murillo Rodríguez, J.M., Wimmer, M. (eds) Web Engineering. ICWE 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13893. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34444-2_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34444-2_5
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-34443-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-34444-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)