Abstract
In this paper, we present multimodal computational models of interactional trust in a humans-robot interaction scenario. We address trust modeling as a binary as well as a multi-class classification problem. We also investigate how early- and late-fusion of modalities impact trust modeling. Our results indicate that early-fusion performs better in both the binary and multi-class formulations, meaning that modalities have co-dependencies when studying trust. We also run a SHapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) values analysis for a Random Forest in the binary classification problem, as it is the model with the best results, to explore which multimodal features are the most relevant to detect trust or mistrust.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aroyo, A.M., et al.: Overtrusting robots: setting a research agenda to mitigate overtrust in automation. Paladyn, J. Beh. Robot. 12(1), 423–436 (2021)
Atamna, A., Clavel, C.: HRI-RNN: a user-robot dynamics-oriented RNN for engagement decrease detection. In: Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the International Speech Communication Association, INTERSPEECH, vol. 2020-Oct., pp. 4198–4202 (2020)
Baltrusaitis, T., Zadeh, A., Lim, Y.C., Morency, L.P.: OpenFace 2.0: facial behavior analysis toolkit. In: 2018 13th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG 2018), pp. 59–66 (2018)
Camurri, A., Mazzarino, B., Volpe, G.: Analysis of expressive gesture: the eyesweb expressive gesture processing library. In: Camurri, A., Volpe, G. (eds.) Gesture-Based Communication in Human-Computer Interaction, pp. 460–467 (2004)
Cao, Z., Hidalgo, G., Simon, T., Wei, S.E., Sheikh, Y.: Realtime multi-person 2D pose estimation using part affinity fields. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp. 7291–7299 (2017)
Chawla, N.V., Bowyer, K.W., Hall, L.O., Kegelmeyer, W.P.: SMOTE: synthetic minority over-sampling technique. J. Artif. Intell. Res. 16, 321–357 (2002)
Chita-Tegmark, M., Law, T., Rabb, N., Scheutz, M.: Can you trust your trust measure? In: Proceedings of the 2021 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, pp. 92–100 (2021)
Dunn, O.J.: Multiple comparisons using rank sums. Technometrics 6(3), 241–252 (1964)
Duranti, A.: The Anthropology of Intentions: Language in a World of Others. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2015)
Eyben, F., et al.: The Geneva minimalistic acoustic parameter set (gemaps) for voice research and affective computing. IEEE Trans. Affect. Comput. 7(2), 190–202 (2016)
Eyben, F., Wöllmer, M., Schuller, B.: Opensmile: the Munich versatile and fast open-source audio feature extractor. In: Proceedings of the 18th ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 1459–1462 (2010)
Ford, C., Thompson, S.: Interactional units in conversation: syntactic, intonational and pragmatic resources. In: Interaction and Grammar, p. 134 (1996)
Fulmer, C.A., Gelfand, M.J.: At what level (and in whom) we trust: trust across multiple organizational levels. J. Manag. 38(4), 1167–1230 (2012)
Goodwin, C.: Conversational organization. Interaction between speakers and hearers (1981)
Grossman, R., Friedman, S.B., Kalra, S.: Teamwork processes and emergent states. In: The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Team Working and Collaborative Processes, pp. 243–269. Wiley, March 2017
Hancock, P.A., Billings, D.R., Schaefer, K.E., Chen, J.Y.C., de Visser, E.J., Parasuraman, R.: A meta-analysis of factors affecting trust in human-robot interaction. Hum. Fact. J. Hum. Fact. Ergon. Soc. 53(5), 517–527 (2011)
Hemamou, L., Felhi, G., Vandenbussche, V., Martin, J.C., Clavel, C.: HireNet: a hierarchical attention model for the automatic analysis of asynchronous video job interviews. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, vol. 33, pp. 573–581, July 2019
Heritage, J.C.: International accountability: a conversation analytic perspective. Réseaux. Communication-Technologie-Société 8(1), 23–49 (1990)
Hulcelle, M., Varni, G., Rollet, N., Clavel, C.: Turin: a coding system for trust in human robot interaction. In: 2021 9th International Conference on Affective Computing and Intelligent Interaction (ACII), pp. 1–8 (2021)
Jayagopi, D.B., et al.: The vernissage corpus: a conversational Human-Robot-Interaction dataset. ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, pp. 149–150 (2013)
Khalid, H.M., et al.: Exploring psycho-physiological correlates to trust: implications for human-robot-human interaction. In: Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 697–701 (2016)
Khavas, Z.R.: A review on trust in human-robot interaction (2021). https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.10045
Khavas, Z.R., Ahmadzadeh, S.R., Robinette, P.: Modeling trust in human-robot interaction: a survey. In: Wagner, A.R., et al. (eds.) ICSR 2020. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 12483, pp. 529–541. Springer, Cham (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62056-1_44
Kozlowski, S.W., Ilgen, D.R.: Enhancing the effectiveness of work groups and teams. Psychol. Sci. Public Interest 7(3), 77–124 (2006)
Kraus, M., Wagner, N., Minker, W.: Modelling and predicting trust for developing proactive dialogue strategies in mixed-initiative interaction. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, pp. 131–140 (2021)
Kruskal, W.H., Wallis, W.A.: Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. J. Am. Stat. Assoc. 47(260), 583–621 (1952)
Lee, J.J., Knox, B., Baumann, J., Breazeal, C., DeSteno, D.: Computationally modeling interpersonal trust. Front. Psychol. 4 (2013)
Lee, J.D., See, K.A.: Trust in automation: designing for appropriate reliance Human Factors. Hum. Factors 46(1), 50–80 (2004)
Lundberg, S.M., Lee, S.I.: A unified approach to interpreting model predictions. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 30 (2017)
Marks, M.A., Mathieu, J.E., Zaccaro, S.J.: A temporally based framework and taxonomy of team processes. Acad. Manag. Rev. 26(3), 356–376 (2001)
Mayer, R.C., Davis, J.H., Schoorman, F.D.: An integrative model of organizational trust. Acad. Manag. Rev. 20(3), 709–735 (1995)
Mumm, J., Mutlu, B.: Human-robot proxemics: physical and psychological distancing in human-robot interaction. In: HRI 2011 - Proceedings of the 6th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction, pp. 331–338 (2011)
Oertel, C., et al.: Engagement in human-agent interaction: an overview. Front. Roboti. AI 7 (2020)
Pedregosa, F., et al.: Scikit-learn: machine learning in Python. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 12, 2825–2830 (2011)
Rapp, T., Maynard, T., Domingo, M., Klock, E.: Team emergent states: What has emerged in the literature over 20 years. Small Group Res. 52, 68–102 (2021)
Rousseau, D.M., Sitkin, S.B., Burt, R.S., Camerer, C., Rousseau, D.M., Burt, R.S.: Not So Different After All : a Cross-Discipline View of Trust. Acad. Manag. Rev. 23(3), 393–404 (1998)
Schaefer, K.E.: The Perception and Measurement of Human-robot Trust. Doctoral Dissertation. University of Central Florida, Orlando (2013)
Stivers, T.: Stance, alignment, and affiliation during storytelling: when nodding is a token of affiliation. Res. Lang. Soc. Interact. 41(1), 31–57 (2008)
Syrdal, D.S., Dautenhahn, K., Koay, K.L., Walters, M.L.: The negative attitudes towards robots scale and reactions to robot behaviour in a live human-robot interaction study. In: Adaptive and emergent behaviour and complex systems (2009)
Tutul, A.A., Nirjhar, E.H., Chaspari, T.: Investigating trust in human-machine learning collaboration: a pilot study on estimating public anxiety from speech. In: Proceedings of the 2021 International Conference on Multimodal Interaction, pp. 288–296 (2021)
Wilcoxon, F.: Individual comparisons by ranking methods. Biomet. Bull. 1(6), 80–83 (1945)
Acknowledgment
This work is supported by the Data Science and Artificial Intelligence for Digitalized Industry and Services (DSAIDIS) chair of Télécom Paris, and the European project H2020 ANIMATAS (ITN 7659552).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Hulcelle, M., Varni, G., Rollet, N., Clavel, C. (2023). Computational Multimodal Models of Users’ Interactional Trust in Multiparty Human-Robot Interaction. In: Rousseau, JJ., Kapralos, B. (eds) Pattern Recognition, Computer Vision, and Image Processing. ICPR 2022 International Workshops and Challenges. ICPR 2022. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 13643. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37660-3_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37660-3_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-37659-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-37660-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)