Skip to main content

CBDC – An Alternative to Cryptocurrency in the Metaverse: An Indian Perspective

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Metaverse – METAVERSE 2023 (METAVERSE 2023)

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to understand the link between Meta-verse and the Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) which are issued by some of the Central Governments around the world. Cryptocurrencies are an integral part of the Metaverse ecosystem. The governments are looking at CBDC as an alternative to fight the Cryptocurrencies, prominently because of the security concerns it has raised in the recent past. The study focuses on the Indian perspective of CBDC (e₹). This study is conducted through a review of the literature published in research papers, newspaper articles, and publications by Indian regulatory authorities. The authors have also included their observations from using the CBDC App launched by one of the leading commercial banks in India. The study tries to find a link between Metaverse and CBDC via Cryptocurrency. Since CBDC is still in its pilot stage in India, it is to be seen as to how successful it is in the Indian financial system. Further studies can be conducted at a later stage when and if India’s central bank (the Reserve Bank of India) takes CBDC to its full implementation stage.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Rejeb, A., Rejeb, K., Keogh, J.G.: Cryptocurrencies in modern finance: a literature review. Etikonomi 20(1), 93–118 (2021). https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i1.16911

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Akkus, H.T., Gursoy, S., Dogan, M., Demir, A.B.: Metaverse and metaverse cryptocurrencies (meta coins): bubbles or future. Pressacademia 9, 22–29 (2022). https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2022.1542

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Arora, G.: RBI and the Indian Crypto Industry. SSRN Electr. J. (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bissessar, S.: Opportunities and risks associated with the advent of digital currency in the Caribbean. ECLAC, United Nations, Santiago, Chile (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Buddhadev, N.: Decoding crypto taxation as per budget 2022–23. Livemint: https://www.livemint.com/money/personal-finance/decoding-crypto-taxation-as-per-budget-202223-11644166917586.html (2022)

  6. Das, B.: https://www.businesstoday.in/: https://www.businesstoday.in/latest/policy/story/rbi-says-it-would-expand-e-rupee-pilot-to-include-more-banks-locations-in-fy24-383421-2023-05-30 (2023)

  7. Economic Times. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/technology/budget-2022-india-to-get-its-own-digital-currency-by-rbi-next-year-says-fm/articleshow/89268178.cms?from=mdr (2022)

  8. European Central Bank: Continuity and change – how the challenges of today prepare the ground for tomorrow. Frankfurt: European Central Bank (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Evolution of Currency in Hindi (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  10. FinTech Department, RBI: Concept Note on Central Bank Digital Currency. FinTech Department, Reserve Bank of India (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Getting, B.: Basic Definitions. Practical Ecommerce: https://www.practicalecommerce.com/Basic-Definitions-Web-1-0-Web-2-0-Web-3-0 (2007)

  12. Gonzales, D.: Metaverse Investing: How NFTs Web 3.0. Virtual Land and Virtual Reality Are Going to Change the World as We Know it (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hayes, A.: Blockchain Facts: What Is It, How It Works, and How It Can Be Used. Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/blockchain.asp (2022)

  14. India launches digital rupee pilot project: what is it and how will it work? The Indian Express: https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/explained-economics/digital-rupee-pilot-project-launching-on-december-1-what-is-it-and-how-will-it-work-8296610/ (2022)

  15. Investopedia: Digital Currency Types, Characteristics, Pros & Cons, Future Uses. Retrieved from Investopedia: https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/digital-currency.asp (2022)

  16. Jalan, A., Matkovskyy, R., Valerio, P.: Shall the winning last? A study of recent bubbles and persistence. Financ. Res. Lett. 45, 102162 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Kose, M.: What Is the Metaverse and Why Is It So Important? Can We Move Our Lives to a Digital Universe? In: Bakirci, C.M. (ed.), The Evolutionary Tree: https://evrimagaci.org/metaverse-nedir-ve-neden-cok-onemlidir-yasamlarimizi-dijital-bir-evrene-tasiyabilir-miyiz-11135 (2021). Retrieved 30 Jul 2023

  18. Laeeq, D.K.: Metaverse: Why, How and What (n.d.).

    Google Scholar 

  19. Mishra, A.R.: Govt forms panel to study virtual currencies framework. Livemint: https://www.livemint.com/Industry/zjn9Czn5mo5r9212sLAxWP/Govt-forms-panel-to-study-virtual-currencies-framework.html (2017)

  20. Mystakidis, S.: Metaverse. Encyclopedia 2(1), 486–497 (2022). https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia2010031

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Nakamoto, S.: Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  22. PIB: Crypto Assets are borderless, and require international collaboration to prevent regulatory arbitrage. Press Information Bureau, Government of India. https://pib.gov.in/PressReleseDetailm.aspx?PRID=1896722 (2023)

  23. RBI: Financial Stability Report. The RBI, Mumbai (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  24. RBI: RBI Press Releases. Retrieved from Reserve Bank of India: https://rbidocs.rbi.org.in/rdocs/PressRelease/PDFs/IEPR1261VC1213.PDF (2013)

  25. RBI: Financial Stability Report. The RBI, Mumbai (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  26. RBI: Financial Stability Report. The RBI, Mumbai (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Reserve Bank of India: https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1882883 (2023)

  28. Richards, K.: cryptocurrency. Tech-target: https://www.techtarget.com/searchsecurity/definition/cryptography#:~:text=The%20word%20%22cryptography%22%20is%20derived,the%20Egyptian%20practice%20of%20hieroglyphics (2021)

  29. Sattath, 2022 Sattath, I.H.: Revisiting the Properties of Money. The European Money and Finance Forum, 6 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  30. State Bank of India: FAQ’s. https://sbi.co.in/web/personal-banking/cards/debit-card/faq-on-cbdc#:~:text=List%20of%20your%20connected%20State,expiry%20of%20your%20debit%20card (2022)

  31. Shukla, S.: RBI in final stages of retail CBDC pilot rollout. https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/rbi-in-final-stages-of-retail-cbdc-pilot-rollout/articleshow/95598347.cms?from=mdr (2022)

  32. Telefonica: Metaverse and cryptocurrencies, what is their relationship? Retrieved from Telefonica: https://www.telefonica.com/en/communication-room/blog/metaverse-and-cryptocurrencies-what-is-their-relationship/amp/ (2022)

  33. TOI: Waiting for Cabinet approval, says finance minister on bill on cryptocurrency. Times of India. https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/business/india-business/waiting-for-cabinet-approval-says-finance-minister-on-bill-on-cryptocurrency/articleshow/85373759.cms (2021)

  34. Vidal-Tomás, D.: The illusion of the metaverse and meta-economy. Int. Rev. Financ. Anal. 86, 102560 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Wang, Y., et al.: A survey on metaverse: fundamentals, security, and privacy. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 25(1), 319–352 (2023)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Wilson, C.: Cryptocurrencies: the future of finance? In: Tony Yu, F.-L., Kwan, D.S. (eds.) Contemporary Issues in International Political Economy, pp. 359–394. Springer, Singapore (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6462-4_16

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  37. Worldcoin.org: Why Is Cryptocurrency Important? How Is It Revolutionizing the World? Retrieved from worldcoin: https://worldcoin.org/articles/why-is-cryptocurrency-important#:~:text=The%20revolution%20of%20cryptocurrency%20is,without%20a%20central%20third%20party (2022)

  38. Qaroush, Z., Zakarneh, S., Dawabsheh, A.: Cryptocurrencies advantages and disadvantages: a review. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Smart Technol. 4(1), 1–20 (2022). https://doi.org/10.24071/ijasst.v4i1.4610

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to Dr. Ramdas Gambhir, (Professor Emeritus, Department of Public Policy, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India), and Dr. Anand J Kulkarni (Professor & Associate Director Institute of Artificial Intelligence AI, Dr. Vishwanath Karad MIT World Peace University, Pune, India) for reading through manuscripts and providing insights into writing the article.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bipin Palande .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Kalal, J., Palande, B., Rajpurohit, S.C., Parkhi, S. (2023). CBDC – An Alternative to Cryptocurrency in the Metaverse: An Indian Perspective. In: He, S., Lai, J., Zhang, LJ. (eds) Metaverse – METAVERSE 2023. METAVERSE 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14210. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44754-9_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44754-9_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-44753-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-44754-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics