Abstract
Temporal knowledge graph representation learning models can capture more comprehensive semantic information, which has higher practical application value and gradually attracts wide attention. However, the existing temporal knowledge graph representation learning models usually have challenges in encoding temporal information and capturing rich structural information. In this paper, we propose a novel temporal knowledge graph representation learning model, named TKGAT, which is based on graph neural networks using Bochner’s theorem to design time encoding function that can flexibly learn relative time information. Furthermore, attention network is adopted to model different relations features and the self-attention mechanism is optimized by the decoupled attention method, so that the attention weight matrix incorporates more extensive temporal and structural information and learns the correlations between entity and temporal features. The extensive experiments have shown that the proposed model can consistently outperform state-of-the-art models over all benchmark datasets.
S. Zhang, Z. Li—Contributed equally to this research.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bordes, A., Usunier, N., Garcia-Duran, A., Weston, J., Yakhnenko, O.: Translating embeddings for modeling multi-relational data. In: Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 2787–2795. NIPS’13, Curran Associates Inc. (2013)
Dasgupta, S.S., Ray, S.N., Talukdar, P.: Hyte: Hyperplane-based temporally aware knowledge graph embedding. In: Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 2001–2011. EMNLP’18, Association for Computational Linguistics (2018)
Dettmers, T., Minervini, P., Stenetorp, P., Riedel, S.: Convolutional 2D knowledge graph embeddings. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Second AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 1811–1818. AAAI’18, AAAI Press (2018)
García-Durán, A., Dumančić, S., Niepert, M.: Learning sequence encoders for temporal knowledge graph completion. In: Proceedings of the 2018 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 4816–4821. EMNLP’18, Association for Computational Linguistics (2018)
Goel, R., Kazemi, S.M., Brubaker, M., Poupart, P.: Diachronic embedding for temporal knowledge graph completion. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Fourth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 3988–3995. AAAI’20, AAAI Press (2020)
He, P., Liu, X., Gao, J., Chen, W.: Deberta: Decoding-enhanced bert with disentangled attention. arXiv preprint arXiv:2006.03654 (2020)
Jiang, T., et al.: Encoding temporal information for time-aware link prediction. In: Proceedings of the 2016 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 2350–2354. EMNLP’16, Association for Computational Linguistics (2016)
Jin, W., Qu, M., Jin, X., Ren, X.: Recurrent event network: Autoregressive structure inferenceover temporal knowledge graphs. In: Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pp. 6669–6683. Association for Computational Linguistics, Online (2020)
Kazemi, S.M., Poole, D.: Simple embedding for link prediction in knowledge graphs. In: Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 4284–4295. NeurIPS’18, Curran Associates, Inc. (2018)
Lacroix, T., Obozinski, G., Usunier, N.: Tensor decompositions for temporal knowledge base completion. In: International Conference on Learning Representations, pp. 1–12. ICLR’20 (2020)
Li, Z., Liu, X., Wang, X., Liu, P., Shen, Y.: Transo: a knowledge-driven representation learning method with ontology information constraints. World Wide Web, pp. 1–23 (2022)
Li, Z., et al.: Temporal knowledge graph reasoning based on evolutional representation learning. In: Proceedings of the 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval, pp. 408–417 (2021)
Lin, Y., Liu, Z., Sun, M., Liu, Y., Zhu, X.: Learning entity and relation embeddings for knowledge graph completion. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 2181–2187. AAAI’15, AAAI Press (2015)
Nguyen, D.Q., Nguyen, T.D., Nguyen, D.Q., Phung, D.: A novel embedding model for knowledge base completion based on convolutional neural network. In: Proceedings of the 2018 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp. 327–333. NAACL’18, Association for Computational Linguistics (2018)
Nickel, M., Tresp, V., Kriegel, H.P.: A three-way model for collective learning on multi-relational data. In: Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 809–816. ICML’11, Omnipress (2011)
Schlichtkrull, M., Kipf, T.N., Bloem, P., van den Berg, R., Titov, I., Welling, M.: Modeling relational data with graph convolutional networks. In: Gangemi, A., Navigli, R., Vidal, M.-E., Hitzler, P., Troncy, R., Hollink, L., Tordai, A., Alam, M. (eds.) The Semantic Web: 15th International Conference, ESWC 2018, Heraklion, Crete, Greece, June 3–7, 2018, Proceedings, pp. 593–607. Springer, Cham (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93417-4_38
Sun, Z., Deng, Z.H., Nie, J.Y., Tang, J.: Rotate: Knowledge graph embedding by relational rotation in complex space. In: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Learning Representations, pp. 328–337. ICLR’19 (2019)
Trouillon, T., Welbl, J., Riedel, S., Gaussier, E., Bouchard, G.: Complex embeddings for simple link prediction. In: Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 2071–2080. ICML’16, JMLR.org (2016)
Vaswani, A., et al.: Attention is all you need. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 30 (2017)
Wang, Z., Zhang, J., Feng, J., Chen, Z.: Knowledge graph embedding by translating on hyperplanes. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Eighth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 1112–1119. AAAI’14, AAAI Press (2014)
Xu, C., Nayyeri, M., Alkhoury, F., Shariat Yazdi, H., Lehmann, J.: Tero: A time-aware knowledge graph embedding via temporal rotation. In: Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pp. 1583–1593. COLING’20, International Committee on Computational Linguistics (2020)
Xu, C., Nayyeri, M., Alkhoury, F., Yazdi, H.S., Lehmann, J.: Temporal knowledge graph embedding model based on additive time series decomposition. arXiv preprint arXiv:1911.07893 (2019)
Xu, D., Ruan, C., Körpeoglu, E., Kumar, S., Achan, K.: Inductive representation learning on temporal graphs. In: 8th International Conference on Learning Representations. ICLR’20 (2020)
Yang, B., Yih, S.W.t., He, X., Gao, J., Deng, L.: Embedding entities and relations for learning and inference in knowledge bases. In: Proceedings of the third International Conference on Learning Representations, pp. 809–816. ICLR’15 (2015)
Zhang, F., Wang, X., Li, Z., Li, J.: Transrhs: A representation learning method for knowledge graphs with relation hierarchical structure. In: Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 2987–2993. IJCAI’20, International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization (2020)
Acknowledgment
This work is supported by the National Key R &D Program of China (2020AAA01 08504), the Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (2023ZDYF0574), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61972275).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Zhang, S., Li, Z., Wang, X., Chen, Z., Guo, W. (2023). TKGAT: Temporal Knowledge Graph Representation Learning Using Attention Network. In: Yang, X., et al. Advanced Data Mining and Applications. ADMA 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 14177. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46664-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46664-9_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-46663-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-46664-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)