Skip to main content

Negotiating Water Cooler Conversations Remotely: Perspectives from PhD Students During COVID-19

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
HCI International 2023 – Late Breaking Papers (HCII 2023)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 14054))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 400 Accesses

Abstract

Brief, spontaneous and informal interactions (also called water cooler conversations) are essential for achieving both productive and social goals but are often poorly supported by common computer-mediated communication technologies. During the unexpected, widespread move to remote work due to the COVID-19 pandemic, people were suddenly forced to rely more, if not entirely, on technologies to meet their communication needs. To further explore how people engaged in informal communication during COVID-19 and the challenges they faced, we conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 16 PhD students. Results revealed challenges in maintaining remote informal conversations (such as lack of availability information and opportunities for interactions before, during and after activities), which sometimes led participants to refrain from communicating online, and intensified their mental health issues such as those around social isolation. Experiences of remote informal communication shaped by novel challenges pointed to important design implications.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  1. ATLAS.ti: The qualitative data analysis research software. http://atlasti.com

  2. Balogová, K.: Looking at yourself on zoom. Doctoral dissertation, Master’s thesis. University College London, London, UK (2021). https://uclic.ucl.ac.uk/content/2-study/4-current-taught-course/1-distinction-projects/15–21/balogova_karolina_2021.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bao, L., Li, T., Xia, X., Zhu, K., Li, H., Yang, X.: How does working from home affect developer productivity? – A Case Study of Baidu During COVID-19 Pandemic. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.13167 (2020)

  4. Beland, L.-P., Brodeur, A., Wright, T.: COVID-19, stay-at-home orders and employment: evidence from CPS data (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bleakley, A., et al.: Bridging social distance during social distancing: exploring social talk and remote collegiality in video conferencing. Hum.-Comput. Interact. 37(5), 404–432 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1080/07370024.2021.1994859

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Bloom, N., Liang, J., Roberts, J., Ying, Z.J.: Does working from home work? Evidence from a Chinese experiment. Quart. J. Econ. 130, 165–218 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Brynjolfsson, E., Horton, J.J., Ozimek, A., Rock, D., Sharma, G., TuYe, H.-Y.: Covid-19 and remote work: an early look at us data. Technical Report (2020). https://www.nber.org/papers/w27344

  8. Chan, C., Oey, N.E., Tan, E.-K.: Mental health of scientists in the time of COVID-19. Brain Behav. Immun. 88, 956 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Fay, M.J., Kline, S.L.: Coworker relationships and informal communication in high-intensity telecommuting. J. Appl. Commun. Res. 39(2), 144–163 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Fish, R.S., Kraut, R.E., Chalfonte, B.L.: The VideoWindow system in informal communications. In: Proceedings of Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, pp. 1–12. New York: ACM Press (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Glaser, B.G., Strauss, A.L.: The discovery of grounded theory: strategies for qualitative research. Aldine Publishing Co, Chicago, IL (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Guest, E., et al.: Being a PhD student in the age of COVID-19. Canad. J. New Scholars Educ./Revue canadienne des jeunes chercheures et chercheurs en éducation 12(1), 30–38 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Hu, E., Azim, M.A.R., Heo, S.: FluidMeet: enabling frictionless transitions between in-group, betweengroup, and private conversations during virtual breakout meetings. In: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI 2022),  29 April - 5 May 2022, New Orleans, LA, USA. ACM, New York, NY, USA, p. 17 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1145/3491102.3517558

  14. Kiesler, S., Cummings, J.N.: What do we know about proximity and distance in work groups? A legacy of research. Distrib. Work 1, 57–80 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Koch, T., Denner, N.: Informal communication in organizations: work time wasted at the water-cooler or crucial exchange among co-workers? Corporate Commun. Int. J. 27, 494–508 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Kraut, R.E., Fish, R.S., Root, R.W., Chalfonte, B.L.: Informal communication in organizations: form, function, and technology. In: Human Reactions to Technology: Claremont Symposium on Applied Social Psychology, pp. 145–199 (1990)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kraut, R.E., Streeter, L.A., L. A.: Coordination in software development. Commun. ACM 38(3), 69–82 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Kurtz‐Costes, B., Helmke, L.A., Ülkü‐Steiner, B.: Gender and doctoral studies: the perceptions of Ph. D. students in an American university. Gender Educ. 18(2), 137–155 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kusurkar, R.A., Isik, U., van der Burgt, S.M.E., Wouters, A., van der Vossen, M.M.: What stressors and energizers do Ph. D. students in medicine identify for their work: a qualitative inquiry. Med. Teach. 44(5), 559–563 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Levecque, K., Anseel, F., De Beuckelaer, A., Van der Heyden, J., Gisle, L.: Work organization and mental health problems in Ph. D. students. Res. Policy 46(4), 868–879 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Luo, A., Olson, J.S.: Informal communication in collaboratories. In: CHI2006 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1043–1048 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Mintzberg, H.:  The nature of managerial work (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Nardi, B.A., Whittaker, S., Bradner, E.: Interaction and outeraction: instant messaging in action. In: Proceedings of the 2000 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, pp. 79–88 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Nardi, B.A., Whittaker, S.: The place of face-to-face communication in distributed work. Distrib. Work 83(112), 10–7551 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ralph, P., Baltes, S., Adisaputri, G., et al.: Pandemic programming: how COVID-19 affects software developers and how their organizations can help. Empir. Softw. Eng. 25, 4927–4961 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-020-09875-y

  26. Singer-Velush, N., Sherman, K., Anderson, E.: Microsoft analyzed data on its newly remote workforce. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr.org/2020/07/microsoft-analyzed-data-on-its-newly-remoteworkforce (2020)

  27. Spataro, J.: A pulse on employees’ wellbeing, six months into the pandemic (2020). Accessed from Microsoft Work Trend Index. https://www.microsoft.com/en

  28. Tang, J,C.: Approaching and leave-taking: negotiating contact in computer-mediated communication. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact. (TOCHI) 14(1), 5-es (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Tang, J.C., Isaacs, E.A., Rua, M.: Supporting distributed groups with a montage of lightweight interactions. In: Proceedings of the 1994 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work, pp. 23–34 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Wang, Y., et al.: Returning to the office during the COVID-19 pandemic recovery: early indicators from China. In: Extended Abstracts of the 2021 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1–6 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Walther, J.B.: Computer-mediated communication: Impersonal, interpersonal, and hyperpersonal interaction. Commun. Res. 23(1), 3–43 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Whittaker, S., Frohlich, D., Daly-Jones, O.: Informal workplace communication: what is it like and how might we support it? In: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 131–137 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Woolston, C.: PhDs: the tortuous truth. Nature 575(7782), 403–407 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Yang, L., et al.: How work from home affects collaboration: a large-scale study of information workers in a natural experiment during COVID-19. arXiv preprint arXiv:2007.15584 (2020)

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiaoyan Li .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Li, X., Fussell, S.R. (2023). Negotiating Water Cooler Conversations Remotely: Perspectives from PhD Students During COVID-19. In: Kurosu, M., et al. HCI International 2023 – Late Breaking Papers. HCII 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14054. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48038-6_9

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48038-6_9

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-48037-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-48038-6

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics