Design and Development of New Wearable and Protective Equipment for Human Spaceflights

Abstract

Exposure to microgravity poses challenges to the astronaut's musculoskeletal system, causing temporary issues that can be addressed through exercise routines. For long-duration space missions, wearable technology with sensors to measure and stimulate muscular activity is crucial. The proposed active suit system is a custom-made intra-vehicular wearable designed to counteract muscle and bone mass loss in microgravity. It consists of an anti-allergic, antibacterial suit with differential compression capabilities, an electronic system to detect body joint movements, an electrostimulation system, and an electronic control unit (ECU) for motion data analysis and stimulation regulation. The suit aims to reduce muscle atrophy by providing intelligent electrostimulation, simulating Earth-like gravity conditions. System calibration on Earth and adaptive neuromuscular stimulation in space are essential steps to maintain astronauts’ muscle tone during extended space missions.