Abstract
Latest technological improvements and investments from government agencies and private companies pushed to the limits the requirements related to both data rate speed and security of the communication links in space applications. The high volume of data and the continuous integration of services opened the path to hackers for new and increasingly diffused cyberattacks. Governmental agencies are attempting to stem this problem by issuing and updating accordingly a series of reports and standards through the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS). In this work, we present the implementation of an Advanced Encryption Standard—Cipher-based Message Authentication Code (AES-CMAC) core on space-grade FPGAs, that is compliant with the latest CSSDS security standards and outperforms the state-of-the-art in terms of resource efficiency.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Del Portillo I, Cameron BG, Crawley EF (2019) A technical comparison of three low earth orbit satellite constellation systems to provide global broadband. Acta Astron 159:123–135
Naja G, Mathieu C (2015) Space and Security in Europe. In: Handbook of space security. Springer, pp 371–383
Orlova A, Nogueira R, Chimenti P (2020) The present and future of the space sector: a business ecosystem approach. Space Policy 52:101374
Manulis M, Bridges CP, Harrison R, Sekar V, Davis A (2021) Cyber security in new space: analysis of threats, key enabling technologies and challenges. Int J Inf Secur 20(3):287–311 (Springer)
CCSDS (2019) The application of security to CCSDS protocols. Inf Rep CCSDS 350.0-G-3
CCSDS (2022) Security threats against space missions. Inf Rep CCSDS 350.1-G-3
Baldanzi L, Crocetti L, Di Matteo S, Fanucci L, Saponara S, Hameau P (2019) Crypto accelerators for power-efficient and real-time on-chip implementation of secure algorithms. In: 26th IEEE international conference on electronics, circuits and systems (ICECS). IEEE, pp 775–778
CCSDS (2019) CCSDS cryptographic algorithms. Recomm Stand CCSDS 352.0-B-2
CCSDS (2022) Space data link security protocol. Recomm Stand CCSDS 355.0-B-2
NIST (2007) Recommendation for block cipher modes of operation: galois/counter mode (GCM) and GMAC. Special Publication (SP) 800-38D
NIST (2001) Advanced encryption standard (AES). Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) publication 197
NIST (2015) Secure hash standard. Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) publication 180-4
Nannipieri P, Baldanzi L, Crocetti L, Di Matteo S, Falaschi F, Fanucci L, Saponara S (2022) CRFlex: a flexible and configurable cryptographic hardware accelerator for AES block cipher modes. In: Applications in electronics pervading industry, environment and society (APPLEPIES 2021). Springer, pp 31–38
Nannipieri P, Di Matteo S, Baldanzi L, Crocetti L, Zulberti L, Saponara S, Fanucci L (2022) VLSI design of advanced-features AES cryptoprocessor in the framework of the European processor initiative. IEEE Trans Very Large Scale Integr (VLSI) Syst 30(2):177–186. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9631958
Nannipieri P, Crocetti L, Di Matteo S, Fanucci L, Saponara S (2023) Hardware design of an advanced-feature cryptographic tile within the European processor initiative. IEEE Trans Comput
IEEE (2018) IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area networks-media access control (MAC) security. Standard IEEE 802.1AE-2018
Carnevale B, Falaschi F, Crocetti L, Hunjan H, Bisase S, Fanucci L (2015) An implementation of the 802.1AE MAC security standard for in-car networks. In: 2015 IEEE 2nd world forum on internet of things (WF-IoT). IEEE, pp 24–28
Baldanzi L, Crocetti L, Falaschi F, Belli J, Fanucci L, Saponara S (2020) Digital random number generator hardware accelerator IP-core for security applications. In: Applications in electronics pervading industry, environment and society (APPLEPIES). Springer, pp 117–123
NIST (2006) Recommendation for block cipher modes of operation: the CMAC mode for authentication. Special Publication (SP) 800-38B
Dhaou IB, Gia TN, Liljeberg P, Tenhunen H (2017) Low-latency hardware architecture for cipher-based message authentication code. In: IEEE international symposium on circuits and systems (ISCAS). IEEE, pp 1–4
Pirzada SJH, Murtaza A, Hasan MN, Xu T, Jianwei L (2019) The implementation of AES-CMAC authenticated encryption algorithm on FPGA. In: IEEE 2nd international conference on computer and communication engineering technology (CCET). IEEE, pp 193–197
Crocetti L, Baldanzi L, Bertolucci M, Sarti L, Carnevale B, Fanucci L (2019) A simulated approach to evaluate side-channel attack countermeasures for the advanced encryption standard. Integration 68:80–86
Acknowledgments
This work was partially supported by the Italian Ministry of University and Research (MUR) through the project CN4-CN00000023 of the Recovery and Resilience Plan (PNRR) program, grant agreement no. I53C22000720001, and in the framework of the FoReLab project (Departments of Excellence).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Crocetti, L., Falaschi, F., Saponara, S., Fanucci, L. (2024). Secure Data Authentication in Space Communications by High-Efficient AES-CMAC Core in Space-Grade FPGA. In: Bellotti, F., et al. Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society. ApplePies 2023. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 1110. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48121-5_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48121-5_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-48120-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-48121-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)