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Distributing Quantum Computations, by Shots

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Service-Oriented Computing (ICSOC 2023)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 14419))

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Abstract

Quantum Process Units (QPUs) are becoming more widely accessible to the public. Nonetheless, they still are very susceptible to noise and feature only a small amount of qubits, making it possible to only execute short quantum computations. Facing this problem, several approaches were proposed to make the most of the present situation, either by distributing the Quantum load, sending different Quantum programs to different QPUs or by distributing Quantum program fragments, by cutting a Quantum program into multiple smaller chunks. Here, we propose a change of perspective. Due to the probabilistic nature of Quantum Mechanics, it is usually required to iterate the execution of a Quantum program numerous times or shots. We suggest considering the shots dimension while determining how to distribute quantum computations. In this paper, we design and develop a methodology to distribute the shots of a Quantum program among many QPUs. Exploiting multiple QPUs improves the resilience to potential QPUs failures. Our solution also enables users to directly encode, through a proposed DSL, their own distribution strategies according to their needs and considered scenarios, offering an expressive and customisable approach. Finally, we showcase a prototype implementation and discuss a life-like use case that can only be addressed by relying on our approach.

This work is supported by the QSALUD project (EXP 00135977/MIG-20201059) in the lines of action of the Center for the Development of Industrial Technology (CDTI); and by the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Digital Transformation of the Spanish Government through the Quantum ENIA project call – Quantum Spain project, by the European Union through the Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan – NextGenerationEU within the framework of the Digital Spain 2025 Agenda, and by UNIPI PRA 2022 64 “hOlistic Sustainable Management of distributed softWARE systems” (OSMWARE) project funded by the University of Pisa, Italy. This work is also part of the Grant PID2021-1240454OB-C31 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The presentation is deliberately simplified and the actual physical definitions or motivations are not discussed due to lack of space.

  2. 2.

    The full code, comprising the use cases, examples of QPUs manifest and a detailed explanation of our DSL are available at https://github.com/di-unipi-socc/QuantumBroker.

  3. 3.

    used_computers counts the number of QPUs in the distribution and is predefined.

  4. 4.

    https://quantum-computing.ibm.com/lab/docs/iql/manage/systems/sessions/.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy

    Giuseppe Bisicchia & Antonio Brogi

  2. Quercus Software Engineering Group, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain

    Jose García-Alonso & Juan M. Murillo

Authors
  1. Giuseppe Bisicchia
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  2. Jose García-Alonso
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  3. Juan M. Murillo
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  4. Antonio Brogi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Giuseppe Bisicchia .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Flavia Monti

  2. Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany

    Stefanie Rinderle-Ma

  3. University of Seville, Seville, Spain

    Antonio Ruiz Cortés

  4. Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Zibin Zheng

  5. Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

    Massimo Mecella

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Bisicchia, G., García-Alonso, J., Murillo, J.M., Brogi, A. (2023). Distributing Quantum Computations, by Shots. In: Monti, F., Rinderle-Ma, S., Ruiz Cortés, A., Zheng, Z., Mecella, M. (eds) Service-Oriented Computing. ICSOC 2023. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 14419. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48421-6_25

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48421-6_25

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-48421-6

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