Abstract
Harvest scheduling, or the scheduling of management activities within a forest for a given period of time, is an important aspect of forest planning. Often, harvest scheduling results in a tactical plan that allows forest managers the ability to understand where to go, and what to do, at different points in time. In the development of a harvest schedule, an objective is optimized and constraints are satisfied. As examples, an objective may be to maximize wood produced or revenue obtained over time, or to minimize environmental impact over time. Examples of constraints include restrictions on the flow of wood produced over time, the condition of the standing inventory (uncut forests), the amounts of areas of different management activities, and the location and timing of specific management activities. In many cases, these mathematical problems are formulated either with exact methods (linear or mixed-integer programming) or heuristic methods (simulated annealing, tabu search, genetic algorithms, etc.). This work describes the manner in which the connectivity of final harvests is assessed and controlled in both types of approaches. This work also explores how the control of activities differs between cases (a) when the focus is on controlling the timing of the final harvest of adjacent pairs of forest management units, and (b) when the focus is on controlling how large a collective area might become when multiple adjacent forest management units are scheduled for a final harvest within a given time window.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Akbulut, R., Bettinger, P., Ucar, Z., Obata, S., Boston, K., Siry, J.: Spatial forest plan development using heuristic processes seeded with a relaxed linear programming solution. Forest Sci. 63(5), 518–528 (2017)
Bettinger, P.: Modelling spatial connectivity of forest harvest areas: exact and heuristic approaches. In: Grueau, C., Rodrigues, A., Ragia L. (eds.) Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Geographical Information Systems Theory, Applications and Management (GISTAM 2023), pp. 136–143. SCITEPRESS – Science and Technology Publications, Lda, Setubal, Portugal (2023)
Bettinger, P., Boston, K.: Habitat and commodity production trade-offs in coastal oregon. Socioecon. Plann. Sci. 42(2), 112–128 (2008)
Bettinger, P., Boston, K., Siry, J.P., Grebner, D.L.: Forest Management and Planning, 2nd edn. Academic Press, London (2017)
Bettinger, P., Boston, K., Sessions, J.: Intensifying a heuristic forest harvest scheduling search procedure with 2-opt decision choices. Can. J. For. Res. 29(11), 1784–1792 (1999)
Bettinger, P., Demirci, M., Boston, K.: Search reversion within s-metaheuristics: Impacts illustrated with a forest planning problem. Silva Fennica 49(2), 1232 (2015)
Bettinger, P., Sessions, J.: Spatial forest planning: to adopt or not to adopt? J. Forest. 101(2), 24–29 (2003)
Forest Stewardship Council-US: FSC-US Forest Management Standard (V1.1), Complete with: Family forest indicators and guidance and supplementary requirements for lands managed by the USDA Forest Service. Forest Stewardship Council US, Conifer, Colorado (2019)
Government of Alberta. C5 forest management plan 2006–2026. Government of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta (2010)
LINDO Systems Inc.: LINGO 20.0. LINDO Systems Inc., Chicago, Illinois (2023)
Maine Forest Service: The forestry rules of Maine 2017, A practical guide for foresters, loggers and woodlot owners, 2nd edition. Maine Department of Agriculture, Conservation & Forestry, Maine Forest Service, Augusta, Maine (2017)
McDill, M.E., Rebain, S.A., Braze, J.: Harvest scheduling with area-based adjacency constraints. Forest Sci. 48(4), 631–642 (2002)
Meneghin, B.J., Kirby, M.W., Jones, G.J.: An algorithm for writing adjacency constraints efficiently in linear programming models. General Technical Report RM-161, pp. 46–53. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ft. Collins, Colorado (1988)
Murray, A.T.: Spatial restrictions in harvest scheduling. Forest Sci. 45(1), 45–52 (1999)
Murray, A.T., Church, R.L.: Analyzing cliques for imposing adjacency restrictions in forest models. Forest Sci. 42(2), 166–175 (1996)
Sessions, J., Johnson, D., Roos, J., Sharer, B.: The blodgett plan: an active-management approach to developing mature forest habitat. J. Forest. 98(12), 29–33 (2000)
SFI USA: SFI 2022 forest management standard, Section 2. SFI USA, Washington, D.C. (2022)
Smart, S., et al.: An integrated assessment of countryside survey data to investigate ecosystem services in Great Britain. CS Technical Report No. 10/07. National Environmental Research Council, Center for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Bettinger, P. (2024). Approaches for Addressing Spatial Connectivity of Final Harvests Within Forest Harvest Scheduling Algorithms. In: Grueau, C., Rodrigues, A., Ragia, L. (eds) Geographical Information Systems Theory, Applications and Management. GISTAM 2023. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 2107. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60277-1_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-60277-1_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-60276-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-60277-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)