Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Towards Conceptually Elevating Modern Concepts of Operational Design Domains and Implications for Operating in Unstructured Environments

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement (EuroSPI 2024)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 2180))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 422 Accesses

Abstract

Abstract. This paper explores the basic concepts of Operational Design Domains (ODDs) in the field of autonomous driving. We address the intricacies of different scenario descriptions and promote the communication of system requirements and operational constraints in the context of Automated Driving Systems (ADSs).

Ongoing standardization efforts highlight the recognition of the importance of ODDs as a tool to manage the complexity of an ADS in accurately defining operational boundaries and conditions, particularly in structured environments. In line with this, our work explores the conceptual integration of multiple ODDs within an ADS to enable operation across different domains. Drawing on the existing literature on ODD extension concepts and leveraging insights from our research efforts, we strive for exemplary adaptation of operations in unstructured environments such as hybrid mines. A key focus is the translation of a solution that has been successfully tested in the context of hybrid mines and structured terrain into modern ODD frameworks. In particular, we focus on taxonomy as a fundamental element of an ODD framework. Through comparative analysis and evaluation of existing taxonomies, we aim to provide insights into the configuration of ODDs for both structured and unstructured environments, thereby contributing to their broader implementation in the dynamic landscape of autonomous driving technologies.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Notes

  1. 1.

    The example refers to the final demonstration in [11].

References

  1. Association for Standardization of Automation and Measuring Systems (ASAM): Openlabel concept paper. Technical Report 1.0, ASAM (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Association for Standardization of Automation and Measuring Systems (ASAM): Asam openodd: Concept paper. Technical Report 1.0, ASAM (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Automated Vehicle Safety Consortium (AVSC): Avsc best practice for describing an operational design domain: Conceptual framework and lexicon. Technical Report AVSC00002202004, SAE Industry Technologies Consortium (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Automated Vehicle Safety Consortium (AVSC): Best practice for metrics and methods for assessing safety performance of automated driving systems (ads). Technical Report AVSC00006202103, SAE Industry Technologies Consortium (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Bender, P., Ziegler, J., Stiller, C.: Lanelets: efficient map representation for autonomous driving. In: 2014 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium Proceedings, pp. 420–425 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2014.6856487

  6. (BSI), T.B.S.I.: Operational design domain (odd) taxonomy for an automated driving system (ads). Technical Report PAS 1883:2020, International Organization for Standardization (ISO) (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Castellanos Ardila, J., Punnekkat, S., Fattouh, A., Hansson, H.: A contextspecific operational design domain for underground mining (odd-um). In: Proceedings of the 29th European Conference on Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement (EuroSPI 2022), pp. 161–176 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15559-8_12

  8. Charmet, T., Berge-Cherfaoui, V., Guzman, J.I., Armand, A.: Overview of the operational design domain monitoring for safe intelligent vehicle navigation. In: 2023 IEEE 26th International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC 2023), pp. 5363–5370 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC57777.2023.10421823

  9. Colwell, I., Phan, B., Saleem, S., Salay, R., Czarnecki, K.: An automated vehicle safety concept based on runtime restriction of the operational design domain. In: 2018 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), pp. 1910–1917 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2018.8500530

  10. Ferrein, A., Nikolovski, G., Limpert, N., Reke, M., Schiffer, S., Scholl, I.: Controlling a fleet of autonomous LHD vehicles in mining operation. IntechOpen (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ferrein, A., et al.: Towards a fleet of autonomous haul-dump vehicles in hybrid mines. In: Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Agents and Artificial Intelligence (ICAART 2023), pp. 278–288 (2023). https://doi.org/10.5220/0011693600003393

  12. Guastella, D.C., Muscato, G.: Learning-based methods of perception and navigation for ground vehicles in unstructured environments: areview. Sensors 21(1) (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/s21010073

  13. Irvine, P., Zhang, X., Khastgir, S., Schwalb, E., Jennings, P.: A two-level abstraction odd definition language: part i. In: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), pp. 2614–2621 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/SMC52423.2021.9658751

  14. Ito, M.: Odd description methods for automated driving vehicle and verifiability for safety. JUCS – J. Univ. Computer Science 27, 796–810 (2021). https://doi.org/10.3897/jucs.72333

  15. Maierhofer, S., Klischat, M., Althoff, M.: Commonroad scenario designer: an open-source toolbox for map conversion and scenario creation for autonomous vehicles. In: 2021 IEEE International Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC), pp. 3176–3182 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC48978.2021.9564885

  16. Mehlhorn, M.A., Richter, A., Shardt, Y.A.: Ruling the operational bound-aries: a survey on operational design domains of autonomous driving systems. IFAC-PapersOnLine 56(2), 2202–2213 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2023.10.1128, 22nd IFAC World Congress

  17. Oldoni, M., Khastgir, S.: Introducing odd-saf: an operational design domain safety assurance framework for automated driving systems. Road Vehicle Autom. 10, 133–151 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34757-3_11

  18. Poggenhans, F., et al.: Lanelet2: a high-definition map framework for the future of automated driving. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference. Hawaii, USA (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Queiroz, R., Berger, T., Czarnecki, K.: Geoscenario: An open DSL for autonomous driving scenario representation. In: 2019 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), pp. 287–294 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/IVS.2019.8814107

  20. Reke, M., et al.: A self-driving car architecture in ros2. In: 2020 International SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA Conference, pp. 1–6 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1109/SAUPEC/RobMech/PRASA48453.2020.9041020

  21. Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE): Taxonomy & definitions for operational design domain (odd) for driving automation systems. Technical Report SAE J 3259, SAE International (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE): Taxonomy and definitions for terms related to driving automation systems for on-road motor vehicles. Technical Report J3016_202104, SAE International (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Aniket, S.: Operational design domain. Magazine of the Frauenhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS (2022)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Aniket, S.: Operational design domain. Magazine of the Frauenhofer Institute for Cognitive Systems IKS (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Schwalb, E., Irvine, P., Zhang, X., Khastgir, S., Jennings, P.: A two-level abstraction odd definition language: part ii. In: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), pp. 1669–1676 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1109/SMC52423.2021.9658812

  26. Shit, R.C.: Precise localization for achieving next-generation autonomous navigation: State-of-the-art, taxonomy and future prospects. Comput. Commun. 160, 351–374 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2020.06.007

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. The International Organization for Standardization (ISO): Road vehicles - test scenarios for automated driving systems. Technical Report ISO 34503:2023(E), ISO (2023)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Weissensteiner, P., Stettinger, G., Khastgir, S., Watzenig, D.: Operational design domain-driven coverage for the safety argumentation of automated vehicles. IEEE Access 11, 12263–12284 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3242127

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Mobile Autonomous Systems and Cognitive Robotics Institute, FH Aachen University of Applied Sciences, Aachen, Germany

    Julian Eichenbaum, Leonard Bracht, Joschua Schulte-Tigges, Michael Reke, Alexander Ferrein & Ingrid Scholl

Authors
  1. Julian Eichenbaum
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Leonard Bracht
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Joschua Schulte-Tigges
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Michael Reke
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Alexander Ferrein
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ingrid Scholl
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Julian Eichenbaum .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye

    Murat Yilmaz

  2. Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland

    Paul Clarke

  3. Grenoble Alpes University, Grenoble, France

    Andreas Riel

  4. I.S.C.N. GesmbH, Graz, Austria

    Richard Messnarz

  5. Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany

    Christian Greiner

  6. Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany

    Thomas Peisl

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Eichenbaum, J., Bracht, L., Schulte-Tigges, J., Reke, M., Ferrein, A., Scholl, I. (2024). Towards Conceptually Elevating Modern Concepts of Operational Design Domains and Implications for Operating in Unstructured Environments. In: Yilmaz, M., Clarke, P., Riel, A., Messnarz, R., Greiner, C., Peisl, T. (eds) Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement. EuroSPI 2024. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 2180. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71142-8_13

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71142-8_13

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-031-71141-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-031-71142-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics