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Promoting Interoperability on the Datasets of the Arrowheads Findings of the Chalcolithic and the Early/Middle Bronze Age

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Linking Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries (TPDL 2024)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 15177))

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Abstract

Archaeological discoveries can benefit enormously from linked open data (LOD) technologies since, as new objects are discovered, data about them can be placed in the LOD cloud and instantly accessible to third parties. This article presents a framework developed to publish LOD on arrowheads from the Chalcolithic and Early/Middle Bronze Age chronologies (2800/2900 BC to 1500 BC) found in the last 25 years of excavations on an archaeological site in Portugal. These arrowheads were kept in boxes, hidden from the possibility of being studied and viewed by interested parties. The framework encompasses a metadata application profile (MAP) and tools to be used with this MAP, such as a namespace, two metadata schemas and eight vocabulary coding schemes. The MAP domain model was developed with the support of the scientific literature about this type of arrowheads, and the team integrated two archaeologists. This framework was created with the design philosophy of maximising data interoperability, so terms from the CIDOC CRM conceptual models and other vocabularies widely used in the LOD cloud were used. The MAP was tested using a set of seven arrowheads, which proved, in the first instance, the viability of the developed MAP. The team plans to test the model in future work with arrowheads of other excavations.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    ‘Wind chestnut tree’ - free translation by the authors.

  2. 2.

    Parish of Horta do Douro, County of Vila Nova de Foz Côa, District of Guarda, Portugal.

  3. 3.

    See http://www.pelagios.org/ - accessed in 04.04.2024.

  4. 4.

    See https://www.europeana.eu/ - accessed in 04.04.2024.

  5. 5.

    “open” since we are in the paradigm of open access.

  6. 6.

    See https://cidoc-crm.org/ - accessed in 26.03.2024.

  7. 7.

    See https://cidoc-crm.org/html/cidoc_crm_v7.1.3.html - accessed in 25.03.2024.

  8. 8.

    See https://cidoc-crm.org/Resources/crmsci-the-scientific-observation-model-1 - accessed in 25.03.2024.

  9. 9.

    See https://cidoc-crm.org/crmarchaeo/sites/default/files/CRMarchaeo_v2.1(site).pdf - accessed in 25.03.2024.

  10. 10.

    See http://purl.org/ah/documentation - file ArrowheadProject-DataTemplateFile.xlsx - accessed 02.05.2024.

  11. 11.

    In the initial model, we identified 12 controlled vocabularies. After several iterations, the model was simplified, which led to a change on the controlled vocabularies defined.

  12. 12.

    See https://lov.linkeddata.es/dataset/lov/ - accessed in 26.04.2024.

  13. 13.

    See https://www.w3.org/TR/rdf12-turtle/ - accessed in 16.04.02024.

  14. 14.

    See https://www.w3.org/TR/skos-reference/ - accessed in 26.04.2024.

  15. 15.

    For that, we have used LOV - https://lov.linkeddata.es/dataset/lov/ - accessed in 11.04.2024.

  16. 16.

    We can see this by looking at the LOV website: https://lov.linkeddata.es/dataset/lov/ - accessed in 17.04.2024.

  17. 17.

    At this moment in time - 2024.

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Acknowledgments

This work is financed by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT - Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, within project UIDB/50014/2020. DOI 10.54499/UIDB/50014/2020 | https://doi.org/10.54499/uidb/50014/2020.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INESC TEC, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Roberto Frias, 4200-465, Porto, Portugal

    Mariana Curado-Malta

  2. Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología, UNIR - La Universidad en Internet, Av. de la Paz, 137, 26006, Logroño - La Rioja, Spain

    Maria Luisa Diez-Platas

  3. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Avenida Berna 26 C, 1069-061, Lisbon, Portugal

    Américo Araújo & João Muralha

  4. CEOS.PP, Polytechnic of Porto, Rua Jaime Lopes Amorim s/n, 4465-004, S. Mamede de Infesta, Portugal

    Marco Oliveira

Authors
  1. Mariana Curado-Malta
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  2. Maria Luisa Diez-Platas
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  3. Américo Araújo
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  4. João Muralha
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  5. Marco Oliveira
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mariana Curado-Malta .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Salford, Salford, UK

    Apostolos Antonacopoulos

  2. University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand

    Annika Hinze

  3. Sorbonne University (CNRS), Paris, France

    Benjamin Piwowarski

  4. University of La Rochelle (L3i Laboratory), La Rochelle, France

    Mickaël Coustaty

  5. University of Padova, Padua, Italy

    Giorgio Maria Di Nunzio

  6. University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany

    Francesco Gelati

  7. University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand

    Nicholas Vanderschantz

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Curado-Malta, M., Diez-Platas, M.L., Araújo, A., Muralha, J., Oliveira, M. (2024). Promoting Interoperability on the Datasets of the Arrowheads Findings of the Chalcolithic and the Early/Middle Bronze Age. In: Antonacopoulos, A., et al. Linking Theory and Practice of Digital Libraries. TPDL 2024. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 15177. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72437-4_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72437-4_6

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