Abstract
We present a stereohaptic accessory mounted on the back of a head mounted display (HMD) to enable spatial haptic interactions in spatial computing applications. The accessory consists of two broadband haptic actuators placed symmetric to the sagittal plane of the back of the head, and digitally connects to the HMD via the USB port. We provide design guidelines to achieve engineering performance and human-factor requirements, and build a prototype module. We utilize Android’s audio support to independently control dual haptic channels. To accommodate haptic content design, we utilize audio based authoring tools and custom algorithms to auto generate haptic content directly from the audio media. We use these development tools to build haptic experience for watching videos, bare hand interactions, and mitigating cybersickness. Our evaluation shows that the accessory increases immersion, engagement, user efficiency and reduces VR sickness in dynamic spatial environments.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Nguyen, R., Gouin-Vallerand, C., Amiri, M.: Hand interaction designs in mixed and augmented reality head mounted display: a scoping review and classification. Front. Virtual Reality 4, 1171230 (2023)
Sendhilnathan, N., Zhang, T., Lafreniere, B., Grossman, T., Jonker, T.R.: Detecting input recognition errors and user errors using gaze dynamics in virtual reality. In: Proceedings of the 35th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, Article no. 38, pp. 1–19. ACM, New York USA (2022)
Gupta, A., Sendhilnathan, N., Hartcher-O’Brien, J., Pezent, E., Benko, H., Jonker, T.R.: Investigating eyes-away mid-air typing in virtual reality using squeeze haptics-based postural reinforcement. In: Proceedings of the 2023 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Article no. 230, pp. 1–11. ACM, New York USA (2023)
Chang, E., Kim, H.T., Yoo, B.: Virtual reality sickness: a review of causes and measurements. Int. J. Hum. Comput. Interact. 36(17), 1658–1682 (2020)
Thompson, S.: Motion Sickness in VR: Why it happens and how to minimise it (2023). https://virtualspeech.com/blog/motion-sickness-vr. Accessed 30 Apr 2024
Keshavarz, B., Hecht, H.: Pleasant music as a countermeasure against visually induced motion sickness. Appl. Ergon. 45(3), 521–527 (2014)
Keshavarz, B., Stelzmann, D., Paillard, A., Hecht, H.: Visually induced motion sickness can be alleviated by pleasant odors. Exp. Brain Res. 233(5), 1353–1364 (2015)
Molefi, E., McLoughlin, Ia., Palaniappan, R.: On the potential of transauricular electrical stimulation to reduce visually induced motion sickness. Sci. Rep. 13, 3272 (2023)
Chu, H., Li, M.-H., Juan, S.-H., Chiou, W.-Y.: Effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on motion sickness induced by rotary chair: a crossover study. J. Altern. Complement. Med. 18(5), 494–500 (2012)
Peng, Y.-H., et al.: WalkingVibe: reducing virtual reality sickness and improving realism while walking in VR using unobtrusive head-mounted vibrotactile feedback. In: Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1–12. ACM, New York USA (2020)
Tirmizi, A., Culbertson, H.: Haptics for Mitigation of Cyber-Sickness in XR environments. In: Workshop in IEEE World Haptics Conference (2023)
Israr, A., Zhao, S., Schwemler, Z., Fritz, A.: Stereohaptics toolkit for dynamic tactile experiences. In: Stephanidis, C. (ed.) HCII 2019. LNCS, vol. 11786, pp. 217–232. Springer, Cham (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30033-3_17
Israr, A., Choi, S., Tan, H. Z.: Mechanical impedance of the hand holding a spherical tool at threshold and suprathreshold stimulation levels. In: Proceedings of Second Joint EuroHaptics Conference and Symposium on Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems (WHC’07), pp. 56–60. IEEE (2007)
Berning, M., Braun, F., Riedel, T., Beigl, M.: ProximityHat: a head-worn system for subtle sensory augmentation with tactile stimulation. In Proceedings of the 2015 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers, pp. 31–38. ACM, New York USA (2020)
Preechayasomboon, P., Israr, A., Samad, M.: Chasm: a screw based expressive compact haptic actuator. Proceedings of the 2020 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 1–13. ACM, New York USA (2020)
Pico Unity Integration SDK. https://www.picoxr.com/global. Accessed 30 Apr 2024
Haptic Feedback for Pico Unity SDK. https://developer-global.pico-interactive.com/document/unity/haptic-feedback/. Accessed 30 Apr 2024
CapCut, Free all-in-one video editor for everyone to create anything anywhere. https://www.capcut.com/. Accessed 30 Apr 2024
de Jesus Oliveira, V.A., Brayda, L., Nedel, L., Maciel, A.: Designing a vibrotactile head-mounted display for spatial awareness in 3D spaces. IEEE Trans. Visual Comput. Graphics 23(4), 1409–1417 (2017)
Kaul, O. B., Rohs, M.: Wearable head-mounted 3D tactile display application scenarios. In: Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services Adjunct, pp. 1163–1167. ACM, New York USA (2016)
Kerdegari, H., Kim, Y., Prescott, T.: Tactile language for a head-mounted sensory augmentation device. In: Wilson, S. P.. Verschure, P., Mura, A., Prescott, T. J. (eds.) Biomimetic and Biohybrid Systems, pp. 359–365. Springer International Publishing (2015)
Kennedy, R.S., Lane, N.E., Berbaum, K.S., Lilienthal, M.G.: Simulator sickness questionnaire: an enhanced method for quantifying simulator sickness. Int. J. Aviat. Psychol. 3(3), 203–220 (1993)
Acknowledgments
We like to thank Danny Saetern, Yufei Lu, Guanqun Zhang, Alice Liu, Shuo Liu, Yuzhou Gong, Yangfei Xu, Ming Li, FeiFei Ding, Jiabin Zhao, Wei Chen for hardware, software, HCI and Unity support, and flushed out many ideas and implementations. We also like to thank Bytedance Inc. for supporting this work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2025 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Israr, A., Tirmizi, A., Zhu, B., Zhao, D., Cheng, E., Schwemler, Z. (2025). A Stereohaptics Accessory for Spatial Computing Platforms. In: Kurosu, M., Hashizume, A., Mori, H., Asahi, Y., Schmorrow, D.D., Fidopiastis, C.M. (eds) HCI International 2024 – Late Breaking Papers. HCII 2024. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 15374. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-76803-3_19
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-76803-3_19
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-76802-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-031-76803-3
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)