Skip to main content

Animation of Expressions in a Mechatronic Head

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 253))

Abstract

In this work, a method for animating a mechatronic head with realistic appearance is presented. The required actuators have been defined upon the Facial Action Coding System (FACS). The generation of the six basic emotions is addressed: happiness, disgust, sadness, anger, fear and surprise. These expressions are generated by interpolating movements through a sequence of key poses. The voice is integrated in a similar way, using a viseme-based scheme that allows synchronizing voice, lips and mouth movements. Implementation details and results showing suitability of the approach are also given.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Ekman, P., Friesen, W., Hager, J.C.: The Facial Action Coding System, 2nd edn. Weidenfeld and Nicolson, London (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Freitas-Magalhes, A.: The psychology of emotions: The allure of human face. University Fernando Pessoa Press, Oporto (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Friesen, W.V., Ekman, P.: Emotional facial action coding system (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Hamm, J., Kohler, C.G., Gur, R.C., Vermaa, R.: Automated facial action coding system for dynamic analysis of facial expressions in neuropsychiatric disorders. J. Neurosci. Methods 200(2), 237–256 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Izard, C.: Innate and universal facial expressions: Evidence from developmental and cross-cultural research. American Psychological Association 115, 288–299 (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ko, K.-E., Sim, K.-B.: Development of a facial emotion recognition method based on combining aam with dbn. In: International Conference on Cyberworlds (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Loza, D., Marcos, S., Zalama, E., Gómez-García-Bermejo, J., González-Fraile, J.L.: Application of the FACS in the design and construction of a mechatronic head with realistic appearance. Journal of Physical Agents 7, 30–37 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Marcos, S., Gómez-García-Bermejo, J., Zalama, E.: A realistic, virtual head for human-computer interaction. Interact. Comput. 22, 176–192 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Nakaoka, S., Kanehiro, F., Miura, K., Morisawa, M., Fujiwara, K., Kaneko, K., Kajita, S., Hirukawa, H.: Creating facial motions of cybernetic human hrp-4c. In: 9th IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots, pp. 561–567 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Perales, F.: Inevai 3d: Agentes autnomos 3d, escenarios virtuales e interfaces inteligentes para aplicaciones de domtica y de realidad virtual. Simposio de Computacin - Ubicua e Inteligencia Ambiental (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Saldien, J., Goris, K., Yilmazyildiz, S., Verhelst, W., Lefeber, D.: On the design of the huggable robot probo. Journal of Physical Agents 2, 2 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Tronick, E., Als, H., Berry Brazelton, T.: Monadic phases: A structural descriptive analysis of infant-mother face to face interaction. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly 26, 3–24 (1980)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Villagrasa, S., Susin, A.: Face! 3d facial animation system based on facs. In: IV Iberoamerican Symposium in Computer Graphic (2009)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

David, L., Samuel, M.P., Eduardo, Z.C., García-Bermejo, J.G. (2014). Animation of Expressions in a Mechatronic Head. In: Armada, M., Sanfeliu, A., Ferre, M. (eds) ROBOT2013: First Iberian Robotics Conference. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 253. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03653-3_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03653-3_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-03652-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-03653-3

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics