Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Encyclopedia of Computer Graphics and Games pp 1–10Cite as

Sketch-Based Posing for 3D Animation

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:

  • 308 Accesses

Synonyms

2D; 3D; Mocap; Motion capture; Three dimensional; Two dimensional

Definition

Sketch-based posing refers to the automatic posing of 3D models using 2D hand-drawn sketches. It also refers to user interfaces that allow for 3D posing by drawing, instead of operating complex 3D software controls.

Introduction

Animation encompasses entertainment ranging from traditional hand-drawn pieces like Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs all the way to cutting-edge visual effects in blockbuster Hollywood films like Avengers: Age of Ultron. As the boundaries of what is possible are pushed and 3D computer animation is widely adopted, this originally artistic field has become highly technical. Today’s animators employ cutting-edge techniques, such as 3D skeleton manipulation and mocap.

This technological boost has helped artists give life to characters and worlds that previously existed only in the realm of imagination. Unfortunately, it has also increased the breadth of knowledge a modern animator...

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

References

  • Abeysinghe, S., Baker, M., Chiu, W., Ju, T.: Segmentation-free skeletonization of grayscale volumes for shape understanding. IEEE Int. Conf. Shape Model. Appl. 63–71 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  • Burtnyk, N., Wein, M.: Interactive skeleton techniques for enhancing motion dynamics in key frame animation. Commun. ACM 19, 564–569 (1976)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Canny, J.: A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intel. PAMI-8, 6:679–698 (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  • Eitz, M., Hays, J., Alexa, M.: How do humans sketch objects?. ACM Trans. Graph. Proc. SIGGRAPH 31, ACM, 44:1–44:10 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  • Favreau, L., Reveret, L., Depraz, C., Cani, M.: Animal gaits from video: comparative studies. Graph. Model. 68, 2:212–234 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gavrila, D.: The visual analysis of human movement: a survey. Comput. Vis. Image Underst. 73, 82–98 (1999)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Gouvatsos, A., Xiao, Z., Marsden, N., Zhang, J.: Automatic 3D posing from 2D hand-drawn sketches. Pacific Graph. Sh. P. Eurographics Association, Geneve, Switzerland (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  • Guay, M., Cani, M., Ronfard, R.: The line of action: an intuitive interface for expressive character posing. Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Asia 32, 205:1–205:8 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ivekovic, S., Trucco, E., Petillot, Y.: Human body pose estimation with particle swarm optimisation. Evol. Comput. 16, 4:509–528 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, A., Panozzo, D., Glauser, O., Pradalier, C., Hilliges, O., Sorkine-Hornung, O.: Tangible and modular input device for character articulation. ACM Trans. Graph. (Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH) 33, 82:1–82:12 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jain, E., Sheikh, Y., Hodgins, J.: Leveraging the talent of hand animators to create three-dimensional animation. Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA), 93–102 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kholgade, N., Simon, T., Efros, A., Sheikh, Y.: 3D Object manipulation in a single photograph using stock 3D models. ACM Trans. Comput. Graph. 33, 127:1–127:12 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  • Oztireli, A.C., Baran, I., Popa, T., Dalstein, B., Sumner, R.W., Gross, M.: Differential blending for expressive sketch-based posing. Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics Symposium on Computer Animation (SCA) (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sakoe, H., Chiba, S.: Dynamic programming algorithm optimisation for spoken word recognition. IEEE Trans. Acous. Speech Signal Process. 26, 43–49 (1978)

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, F., Johnston, O.: The Illusion of Life: Disney Animation. Abbeville Press, New York (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xiao, J., Tang, Z., Feng, Y., Xiao, Z.: Sketch-based human motion retrieval via selected 2D geometric posture descriptor. Signal Proc. 1–8 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, K., Chen, K., Fu, H., Sun, W., Hu, S.: Sketch2Scene: sketch-based co-retrieval and co-placement of 3D models. ACM Trans. Graph. 32, 123:1–123:12 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhao, J., Badler, N.: Inverse kinematics positioning using nonlinear programming for highly articulated figures. ACM Trans. Graph. 13, 313–336 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hibbert Ralph Animation, London, UK

    Alexandros Gouvatsos

  2. National Centre for Computer Animation, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow Poole, BH12 5BB, Dorset, UK

    Alexandros Gouvatsos & Zhidong Xiao

Authors
  1. Alexandros Gouvatsos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhidong Xiao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alexandros Gouvatsos .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Newton Lee Laboratories, LLC, Tujunga, California, USA

    Newton Lee

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this entry

Cite this entry

Gouvatsos, A., Xiao, Z. (2015). Sketch-Based Posing for 3D Animation. In: Lee, N. (eds) Encyclopedia of Computer Graphics and Games. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08234-9_47-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08234-9_47-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-08234-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Computer SciencesReference Module Computer Science and Engineering

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation