Abstract
Clogging of granular materials and jamming of pedestrian crowds occur because of the formation of arches at bottlenecks. We propose a simple microscopic model that is able to reproduce oscillation phenomena due to formation and destabilization of arches in 2-dimensional flows. The dynamics of particles in front of a bottleneck is described by a one-dimensional stochastic cellular automaton on a semicircular geometry. The model predicts the existence of a critical bottleneck size for jamless particle flows and allows to determine the dependence of the jamming probability on the system size. The model can also be studied analytically and the results are in good agreement with simulations.
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Masuda, T., Nishinari, K., Schadschneider, A. (2014). Cellular Automaton Approach to Arching in Two-Dimensional Granular Media. In: Wąs, J., Sirakoulis, G.C., Bandini, S. (eds) Cellular Automata. ACRI 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8751. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11520-7_32
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11520-7_32
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
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