Abstract
Common spatial patterns (CSP) is a commonly used method of feature extraction for motor imagery–based brain computer interfaces (BCI). However, its performance is limited when subjects have small training samples or signals are very noisy. In this paper, we propose a new regularized CSP: temporally regularized common spatial patterns (TRCSP), which is an extension of the conventional CSP by preserving locally linear structure. The proposed method and CSP are tested on data sets from BCI competitions. Experimental results show that the TRCSP achieves higher average accuracy for most of the subjects and some of them are up to 10%. Furthermore, the results also show that the TRCSP is particularly effective in the small–sample data sets.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Wolpaw, J.R., Birbaumer, N., McFarland, D.J., Pfurtscheller, G., Vaughan, T.M.: Brain-computer interfaces for communication and control. Clinical Neurophysiology 113(6), 767–791 (2002)
Hwang, H.J., Kim, S., Choi, S., Im, C.H.: EEG-based brain-computer interfaces: A thorough literature survey. International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction 29(12), 814–826 (2013)
Blankertz, B., Muller, K.R., Curio, R., et al.: The BCI competition2003: Progress and perspectives in detection and discrimination of EEG single trials. IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering 51(6), 1044–1051 (2004)
Blankertz, B., Muller, K.R., Krusienski, D.J., et al.: The BCI competition III: Validating alternative approaches to actual BCI problems. IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 14(2), 153–159 (2006)
Grosse-Wentrup, M., Liefhold, C., Gramann, K., Buss, M.: Beamforming in noninvasive brain computer interfaces. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 56(4), 1209–1219 (2009)
Blankertz, B., Kawanabe, M., Tomioka, R., Hohlefeld, F., Nikulin, V., Muller, K.R.: Invariant common spatial patterns: Alleviating nonstationarities in brain-computer interfacing. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 20, 113–120 (2008)
Roweis, S.T., Saul, L.K.: Nonlinear dimensionality reduction by locally linear embedding. Science 290, 2323–2326 (2000)
Blankertz, B., Tomioka, R., Lemm, S., Kawanabe, M., Muller, K.R.: Optimizing spatial filters for robust EEG single-trial analysis. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine 25(1), 41–56 (2008)
Parra, L.C., Spence, C.D., Gerson, A.D., Sajda, P.: Recipes for linear analysis of EEG. NeuroImage 28(2), 326–341 (2005)
Ramoser, H., Muller-Gerking, J., Pfurtscheller, G.: Optimal spatial filtering of single trial EEG during imagined hand movement. IEEE Transactions on Rehabilitation Engineering 8(4), 441–446 (2000)
Lotte, F., Guan, C.: Regularizing common spatial patterns to improve BCI designs: Unified theory and new algorithms. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 58(2), 355–362 (2011)
Lotte, F., Guan, C.: Spatially regularized common spatial patterns for EEG classification. In: Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR), Istanbul, Turkey (2010)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Cheng, M., Wang, H., Lu, Z., Lu, D. (2014). Temporally Regularized Filters for Common Spatial Patterns by Preserving Locally Linear Structure of EEG Trials. In: Loo, C.K., Yap, K.S., Wong, K.W., Beng Jin, A.T., Huang, K. (eds) Neural Information Processing. ICONIP 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8836. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12643-2_21
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-12643-2_21
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-12642-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-12643-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)