Abstract
Metaphors are natural language constructions that play an important role in the way human beings communicate knowledge and understand the world. Some formal philosophers such as Searle and Lakoff claim that the semantic analysis of expressions that involve fictional stories and metaphors are examples of the inadequacy of using predicate logic for the analysis of the meaning of language. D’Hanis proposes that using predicate logic in combination of non-monotonic reasoning is possible to interpret metaphorical expressions. In this paper, we introduce an approach for modelling metaphorical thinking using a particular form of logic programming called answer set programming (ASP). ASP essentially enhances the logical apparatus of predicate calculus by introducing mechanisms such as negation as a failure that enable the system to accomplish non-monotonic reasoning. We show that using ASP is possible to model the meaning of some expressions involving metaphorical constructions and the implementation of metaphorical reasoning mechanisms that could be a great addition to any knowledge-based application.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Wittgenstein, L.: Philosophical Investigations. Macmillan (1953)
Searle, J.R.: Speech Acts. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1969)
Lakoff, G., Johnson, M.: Metaphors we live by. University of Chicago Press (1980)
Lakoff, G.: Women, Fire and Dangerous Things. University of Chicago Press, Chicago (1987)
Indurkhya, B.: Metaphor and Cognition. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (1992)
Lloyd, J.W.: Foundations of Logic Programming, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin (1987)
Gelfond, M., Kahl, Y.: Knowledge Representation, Reasoning, and de Design of Intelligent Agents: The Answer-Set Programming Approach. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2014)
Gelfond, M., Lifschitz, V.: The stable model semantics for logic programming. In: Kowalski, R.A., Bowen, K.A. (eds.) Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference and Symposium ICLP/SLP, pp. 1070–1080. MIT Press, Seattle (1988)
D’Hanis, I.: A logical approach to the analysis of metaphors. In: Logic and Computational Aspects of Model–Based Reasoning, San Jose, CA. Applied Logic Series, vol. 25, pp. 21–37 (2002)
Ortony, A.: Metaphor and though. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1993)
Gibbs, R.W.: The Cambridge handbook of metaphor and thought. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2008)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Acosta-Guadarrama, J.C., Dávila-Pérez, R., Osorio, M., Zaldivar, V.H. (2014). Modeling Natural Language Metaphors with an Answer Set Programming Framework. In: Gelbukh, A., Espinoza, F.C., Galicia-Haro, S.N. (eds) Human-Inspired Computing and Its Applications. MICAI 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 8856. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13647-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13647-9_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-13646-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-13647-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)