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Spatial Data: Market and Infrastructure

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Encyclopedia of GIS

  • 149 Accesses

FormalPara Synonyms

Geographic information; Spatial information

Definition

Spatial or geospatial data is data which identifies the geographic location of features on Earth. Geographic information technologies (GeoIT) combine hardware and software to allow the storage, manipulation, and presentation of spatial data. GeoIT applications typically combine specific spatial data with data on the general geographic features of an area. As spatial data is relevant to almost all activities, geoIT is valuable in a very wide range of sectors as diverse as insurance, tax revenue administration, urban and regional planning, disaster prevention and response, natural resources management, and climate change monitoring, to name but a few. Because of this diversity of application domains, geoIT applications present specific technological, organizational, market, and legal challenges. While the rapid pace of technological development has addressed many of the technological limitations of handling very...

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References

  • Groot R, McLaughlin J (eds) (2000) Geospatial data infrastructure: concepts, cases, and good practice. Oxford University Press, Oxford

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Recommended Reading

  • Craglia M, Goodchild MF, Annoni A, Camara G, Gould M, Kuhn W, Mark D, Masser I, Maguire D, Liang S (2008) Next-generation digital earth: a position paper from the Vespucci initiative for the advancement of geographic information science. Int J Spat Data Infrastruct Res 3(6):146–167

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  • Elwood S (2008) Volunteered geographic information: key questions, concepts and methods to guide emerging research and practice. GeoJournal 72(3):133–135

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  • Elwood S (2009) Geographic information science: new geovisualization technologies – emerging questions and linkages with GIScience research. Prog Hum Geogr 33(2):256–263

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  • Elwood S (2010) Geographic information science: emerging research on the societal implications of the geospatial web. Prog Hum Geogr 34(3):349–357

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  • Goodchild MF (2007) Citizens as sensors: the world of volunteered geography. GeoJournal 69(4):211–221

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  • Goodchild MF (2012) The future of digital earth. Ann GIS 18(2):93–98

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  • Graham M, Zook M (2013) Augmented realities and uneven geographies: exploring the geolinguistic contours of the web. Environ Plan A 45(1):77–99

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephens M (2013) Featured graphic. Mapping the geoweb: a geography of Twitter. Environ Plan A 44:100–102

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. UCD Business School, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    Peter Keenan

  2. UCD Business School and Earth Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland

    Gianluca Miscione

Authors
  1. Peter Keenan
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  2. Gianluca Miscione
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter Keenan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Shashi Shekhar

  2. Management Science and Information Systems Department, Rutgers Business School, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA

    Hui Xiong

  3. Department of Management Sciences, Tippie College of Business, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Xun Zhou

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© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

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Keenan, P., Miscione, G. (2017). Spatial Data: Market and Infrastructure. In: Shekhar, S., Xiong, H., Zhou, X. (eds) Encyclopedia of GIS. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17885-1_755

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