Skip to main content

Real-Time People Counting from Depth Images

  • Conference paper
Beyond Databases, Architectures and Structures (BDAS 2015)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 521))

Abstract

In this paper, we propose a real-time algorithm for counting people from depth image sequences acquired using the Kinect sensor. Counting people in public vehicles became a vital research topic. Information on the passenger flow plays a pivotal role in transportation databases. It helps the transport operators to optimize their operational costs, providing that the data are acquired automatically and with sufficient accuracy. We show that our algorithm is accurate and fast as it allows 16 frames per second to be processed. Thus, it can be used either in real-time to process traffic information on the fly, or in the batch mode for analyzing very large databases of previously acquired image data.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Albiol, A., Mora, I., Naranjo, V.: Real-time high density people counter using morphological tools. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 2(4), 204–218 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bernini, N., Bombini, L., Buzzoni, M., Cerri, P., Grisleri, P.: An embedded system for counting passengers in public transportation vehicles. In: Proc. IEEE ASME, pp. 1–6 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chan, A.B., Liang, Z.S.J., Vasconcelos, N.: Privacy preserving crowd monitoring: Counting people without people models or tracking. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2008, pp. 1–7 (June 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chan, A.B., Vasconcelos, N.: Modeling, clustering, and segmenting video with mixtures of dynamic textures. IEEE TPAMI 30(5), 909–926 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Conte, D., Foggia, P., Percannella, G., Tufano, F., Vento, M.: A method for counting moving people in video surveillance videos. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 2010(1), 231–240 (2010), http://asp.eurasipjournals.com/content/2010/1/231240

    Google Scholar 

  6. Ferryman, J., Ellis, A.L.: Performance evaluation of crowd image analysis using the PETS2009 dataset. Patt. Recogn. Lett. 44(0), 3–15 (2014), http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167865514000191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Ge, W., Collins, R.T.: Crowd detection with a multiview sampler. In: Daniilidis, K., Maragos, P., Paragios, N. (eds.) ECCV 2010, Part V. LNCS, vol. 6315, pp. 324–337. Springer, Heidelberg (2010), http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1888150.1888177

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Gudyś, A., Rosner, J., Segen, J., Wojciechowski, K., Kulbacki, M.: Tracking people in video sequences by clustering feature motion paths. In: Chmielewski, L.J., Kozera, R., Shin, B.-S., Wojciechowski, K. (eds.) ICCVG 2014. LNCS, vol. 8671, pp. 236–245. Springer, Heidelberg (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11331-9_29

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Hsieh, J.W., Peng, C.S., Fan, K.C.: Grid-based template matching for people counting. In: IEEE 9th Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing, MMSP 2007, pp. 316–319 (October 2007)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kawulok, M., Nalepa, J.: Support vector machines training data selection using a genetic algorithm. In: Gimel’farb, G., et al. (eds.) SSPR & SPR 2012. LNCS, vol. 7626, pp. 557–565. Springer, Heidelberg (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kawulok, M., Szymanek, J.: Precise multi-level face detector for advanced analysis of facial images. IET Image Processing 6(2), 95–103 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  12. Kawulok, M., Wu, J., Hancock, E.R.: Supervised relevance maps for increasing the distinctiveness of facial images. Pattern Recognition 44(4), 929–939 (2011), http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0031320310004942

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lagodzinski, P., Smolka, B.: Application of the extended distance transformation in digital image colorization. Multimedia Tools and App. 69(1), 111–137 (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11042-012-1246-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Maddalena, L., Petrosino, A., Russo, F.: People counting by learning their appearance in a multi-view camera environment. Patt. Recogn. Lett. 36, 125–134 (2014), http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167865513003796

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Nalepa, J., Blocho, M.: Co-operation in the parallel memetic algorithm. International Journal of Parallel Programming, 1–28 (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10766-014-0343-4

  16. Nalepa, J., Kawulok, M.: Fast and accurate hand shape classification. In: Kozielski, S., Mrozek, D., Kasprowski, P., Małysiak-Mrozek, B. z. (eds.) BDAS 2014. CCIS, vol. 424, pp. 364–373. Springer, Heidelberg (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06932-6_35

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  17. Schofield, A.J., Mehta, P.A., Stonham, T.J.: A system for counting people in video images using neural networks to identify the background scene. Pattern Recognition 29(8), 1421–1428 (1996), http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0031320395001638

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Starosolski, R.: New simple and efficient color space transformations for lossless image compression. J. of Vis. Commun. and Image Represent 25(5), 1056–1063 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Su, C.W., Liao, H.Y.M., Tyan, H.R.: A vision-based people counting approach based on the symmetry measure. In: IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, ISCAS 2009, pp. 2617–2620 (May 2009)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Viola, P., Jones, M.J., Snow, D.: Detecting pedestrians using patterns of motion and appearance. In: Proc IEEE Int. Conf. on Computer Vision, vol. 2, pp. 734–741 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Wu, B., Nevatia, R.: Detection and tracking of multiple, partially occluded humans by Bayesian combination of edgelet based part detectors. International Journal of Computer Vision 75(2), 247–266 (2007), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11263-006-0027-7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Yahiaoui, T., Meurie, C., Khoudour, L., Cabestaing, F.: A people counting system based on dense and close stereovision. In: Elmoataz, A., Lezoray, O., Nouboud, F., Mammass, D. (eds.) ICISP 2008 2008. LNCS, vol. 5099, pp. 59–66. Springer, Heidelberg (2008), http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-69905-7_7

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhao, T., Nevatia, R.: Bayesian human segmentation in crowded situations. In: Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, vol. 2, pp. II–459–II–466 (June 2003)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Zhao, X., Delleandrea, E., Chen, L.: A people counting system based on face detection and tracking in a video. In: Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance, AVSS 2009, pp. 67–72 (September 2009)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jakub Nalepa .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this paper

Cite this paper

Nalepa, J., Szymanek, J., Kawulok, M. (2015). Real-Time People Counting from Depth Images. In: Kozielski, S., Mrozek, D., Kasprowski, P., Małysiak-Mrozek, B., Kostrzewa, D. (eds) Beyond Databases, Architectures and Structures. BDAS 2015. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 521. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18422-7_34

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18422-7_34

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-18421-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-18422-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics