Abstract
Patient education documents increasingly take the form of Patient Guidelines, which share many of the properties of clinical guidelines in terms of knowledge content and the description of clinical protocols. They however differ in one specific aspect, which is that some recommendations for patient behaviour may be violated, and that no explicit representation of undesired behaviour is embedded in the guidelines themselves. In this paper, we take as a starting point the plan-based representation of clinical guidelines, which has been promoted by several authors, and introduce a method to automatically derive the set of “opposite actions” that constitute violations of recommended patient behaviours. These additional alternative actions are generated automatically as PDDL operators complementing the description of the guideline. As an application, using a patient guideline on bariatric surgery, we also present examples of how these actions can be used to visualise undesirable patient behaviour in a 3D serious game, featuring virtual agents representing the patient and healthcare professionals.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
The term Patient Guidelines is drawn from working documents of the Guidelines International Network (GIN), http://www.g-i-n.net/document-store/working-groups-documents/g-i-n-public/toolkit/toolkit-chapter-4.pdf.
- 2.
Merriam-Webster http://www.dictionaryapi.com; Big Huge Thesaurus http://words.bighugelabs.com; Power Thesaurus http://www.powerthesaurus.org.
- 3.
Wikipedia provides a broad coverage sample of language which is appropriate here because activities of daily living do not involve specialised terminology.
References
Bickmore, T., Ring, L.: Making it personal: end-user authoring of health narratives delivered by virtual agents. In: Allbeck, J., Badler, N., Bickmore, T., Pelachaud, C., Safonova, A. (eds.) IVA 2010. LNCS, vol. 6356, pp. 399–405. Springer, Heidelberg (2010)
Bickmore, T., Schulman, D., Yin, L.: Engagement vs. deceit: virtual humans with human autobiographies. In: Ruttkay, Z., Kipp, M., Nijholt, A., Vilhjálmsson, H.H. (eds.) IVA 2009. LNCS, vol. 5773, pp. 6–19. Springer, Heidelberg (2009)
Bouma, G.: Normalized (pointwise) mutual information in collocation extraction. In: Proceedings of the Biennial GSCL Conference, pp. 31–40 (2009)
Bradbrook, K., Winstanley, G., Glasspool, D.W., Fox, J., Griffiths, R.N.: AI planning technology as a component of computerised clinical practice guidelines. In: Miksch, S., Hunter, J., Keravnou, E.T. (eds.) AIME 2005. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 3581, pp. 171–180. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Charles, F., Cavazza, M., Smith, C., Georg, G., Porteous, J.: Instantiating interactive narratives from patient education documents. In: Peek, N., Marín Morales, R., Peleg, M. (eds.) AIME 2013. LNCS, vol. 7885, pp. 273–283. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
Cordar, A., Borish, M., Foster, A., Lok, B.: Building virtual humans with back stories: training interpersonal communication skills in medical students. In: Bickmore, T., Marsella, S., Sidner, C. (eds.) IVA 2014. LNCS, vol. 8637, pp. 144–153. Springer, Heidelberg (2014)
Fellbaum, C. (ed.): WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database. MIT Press, Cambridge (1998)
Georg, G., Cavazza, M.: Integrating document-based and knowledge-based models for clinical guidelines analysis. In: Bellazzi, R., Abu-Hanna, A., Hunter, J. (eds.) AIME 2007. LNCS (LNAI), vol. 4594, pp. 421–430. Springer, Heidelberg (2007)
Gerevini, A., Long, D.: Plan constraints and preferences in pddl3. The Language of the Fifth International Planning Competition. Technical report, Department of Electronics for Automation, University of Brescia, Italy, 75 (2005)
González-Ferrer, A., Ten Teije, A., Fdez-Olivares, J., Milian, K.: Automated generation of patient-tailored electronic care pathways by translating computer-interpretable guidelines into hierarchical task networks. Artif. Intell. Med. 57(2), 91–109 (2013)
Klatt, J., Marsella, S., Krämer, N.C.: Negotiations in the context of AIDS prevention: an agent-based model using theory of mind. In: Vilhjálmsson, H.H., Kopp, S., Marsella, S., Thórisson, K.R. (eds.) IVA 2011. LNCS, vol. 6895, pp. 209–215. Springer, Heidelberg (2011)
Magerko, B., Wray, R.E., Holt, L.S., Stensrud, B.: Customizing interactive training through individualized content and increased engagement. In: The Interservice/Industry Training, Simulation & Education Conference (I/ITSEC), number 1 (2005)
Miksch, S., Shahar, Y., Johnson, P.: Asbru: a task-specific, intention-based, and time-oriented language for representing skeletal plans. In: Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Knowledge Engineering: Methods & Languages (KEML-97), Milton Keynes, UK, The Open University, pp. 9–19 (1997)
Miller, L., Appleby, P., Christensen, J., Godoy, C., Si, M., Corsbie-Massay, C., Noar, S., Harrington, N.: Virtual interactive interventions for reducing risky sex: adaptations, integrations, and innovations. In: eHealth Applications: Promising Strategies for Health Behavior Change, pp. 79–95. Routledge, New York (2012)
Pauls, A., Klein, D.: Faster and smaller n-gram language models. In: Proceedings of the 49th Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, HLT 2011, pp. 258–267, Stroudsburg, PA, USA (2011)
Porteous, J., Cavazza, M., Charles, F.: Applying planning to interactive storytelling: narrative control using state constraints. ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol. (TIST) 1(2), 10 (2010)
Porteous, J., Lindsay, A., Read, J., Truran, M., Cavazza, M.: Automated extension of narrative planning domains with antonymic operators. In: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, pp. 1547–1555. IFAAMAS (2015)
Safeer, R.S., Keenan, J.: Health literacy: the gap between physicians and patients. Am. Fam. Physician 72(3), 463–468 (2005)
Shahar, Y., Musen, M.A.: Plan recognition and revision in support of guideline-based care. In: Working notes of the AAAI Spring Symposium on Representing Mental States and Mechanisms, pp. 118–126 (1995)
Toutanova, K., Klein, D., Manning, C.D., Singer, Y.: Feature-rich part-of-speech tagging with a cyclic dependency network. In: Proceedings of the 2003 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics on Human Language Technology, NAACL 2003, Stroudsburg, PA, USA, vol. 1, pp. 173–180 (2003)
Acknowledgments
This work has been funded in part through the Open FET MUSE project (FP7-296703). The contents of this paper only reflect the authors opinions and not necessarily the official position of Haute Autorité de Santé.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lindsay, A., Charles, F., Read, J., Porteous, J., Cavazza, M., Georg, G. (2015). Generation of Non-compliant Behaviour in Virtual Medical Narratives. In: Brinkman, WP., Broekens, J., Heylen, D. (eds) Intelligent Virtual Agents. IVA 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9238. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21996-7_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21996-7_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-21995-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-21996-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)