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Toward a Theory of Intelligent Complex Systems: From Symbolic AI to Embodied and Evolutionary AI

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Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence

Part of the book series: Synthese Library ((SYLI,volume 376))

Abstract

In the twentieth century, AI (artificial Intelligence) arose along with Turing’s theory of computability. AI-research was focused on using symbolic representations in computer programs to model human cognitive abilities. The final goal was a complete symbolic representation of human intelligence in the sense of Turing’s AI-test. Actually, human intelligence is only a special example of problem solving abilities which have evolved during biological evolution. In embodied AI and robotics, the emergence of intelligence is explained by bodily behavior and interaction with the environment. But, intelligence is not reserved to single organisms and brains. In a technical coevolution, computational networks grow together with technical and societal infrastructures generating automated and intelligent activities of cyberphysical systems. The article argues for a unified theory of intelligent complex systems.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

    Klaus Mainzer

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  1. Klaus Mainzer
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Future of Humanity Institute Department of Philosophy & Oxford Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

    Vincent C. Müller

  2. Anatolia College/ACT, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Vincent C. Müller

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Mainzer, K. (2016). Toward a Theory of Intelligent Complex Systems: From Symbolic AI to Embodied and Evolutionary AI. In: Müller, V.C. (eds) Fundamental Issues of Artificial Intelligence. Synthese Library, vol 376. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26485-1_15

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