Skip to main content

Fundamentals of Sentiment Analysis and Its Applications

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Sentiment Analysis and Ontology Engineering

Part of the book series: Studies in Computational Intelligence ((SCI,volume 639))

Abstract

The problem of identifying people’s opinions expressed in written language is a relatively new and very active field of research. Having access to huge amount of data due to the ubiquity of Internet, has enabled researchers in different fields—such as natural language processing, machine learning and data mining , text mining , management and marketing and even psychology—to conduct research in order to discover people’s opinions and sentiments from the publicly available data sources. Sentiment analysis and opinion mining are typically done at various level of abstraction: document, sentence and aspect. Recently researchers are also investigating concept-level sentiment analysis , which is a form of aspect-level sentiment analysis in which aspects can be multi terms. Also recently research has started addressing sentiment analysis and opinion mining by using, modifying and extending topic modeling techniques. Topic models are probabilistic techniques for discovering the main themes existing in a collection of unstructured documents. In this book chapter we aim at addressing recent approaches to sentiment analysis, and explain this in the context of wider use. We start the chapter with a brief contextual introduction to the problem of sentiment analysis and opinion mining and extend our introduction with some of its applications in different domains. The main challenges in sentiment analysis and opinion mining are discussed, and different existing approaches to address these challenges are explained. Recent directions with respect to applying sentiment analysis and opinion mining are discussed. We will review these studies towards the end of this chapter, and conclude the chapter with new opportunities for research.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Andreevskaia, A. Bergler, S.: Mining wordnet for a fuzzy sentiment: Senti-ment tag extraction from wordnet glosses. In: EACL, vol. 6, pp. 209–216, (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bates, M.J.: Subject access in online catalogs: a design model. J. Am. Soci. Inf. Sci. 37(6), 357–376 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bezdek, J.C. Sankar, K.: Fuzzy models for pattern recognition. Technical report, USDOE Pittsburgh Energy Technology Center, PA (United States); Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR (United States). Department of Computer Science; Naval Research Lab., Washington, DC (United States); Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA (United States); Bureau of Mines, Washington, DC (United States) (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Blair-Goldensohn, S., Hannan, K., McDonald, R., Neylon, T., Reis, G.A., Reynar, J.: Building a sentiment summarizer for local service reviews. In: WWW Workshop on NLP in the Information Explosion Era (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Blei, D.M.: Probabilistic topic models. Commun. ACM 55(4), 77–84 (2012)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. Blei, D.M., Ng, A.Y., Jordan, M.I.: Latent dirichlet allocation. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 3, 993–1022 (2003)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. Brody, S., Elhadad, N.: An unsupervised aspect-sentiment model for online reviews. In: Human Language Technologies: The 2010 Annual Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 804–812 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cambria, E., Havasi, C., Hussain, A.: Senticnet 2: a semantic and affective resource for opinion mining and sentiment analysis. In: FLAIRS Conference, pp. 202–207 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Cambria, E., Schuller, B., Xia, Y., Havasi, C.: New avenues in opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Intell. Syst. IEEE 28(2) (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Choi, Y., Cardie, C.: Hierarchical sequential learning for extracting opinionsand their attributes. In: Proceedings of the ACL 2010 conference: short papers, pp. 269–274. Association for Computational Linguistics (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Deerwester, S.C., Dumais, S.T., Landauer, T.K., Furnas, G.W., Harshman, R.A.: Indexing by latent semantic analysis. JASIS 41(6), 391–407 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Duchi, J., Hazan, E., Singer, Y.: Adaptive subgradient methods for online learning and stochastic optimization. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 12, 2121–2159 (2011)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  13. Dumais, S.T.: Latent semantic analysis. Annu. Rev. Inf. Sci. Technol. 38(1), 188–230 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Esuli, A., Sebastiani, F.: Sentiwordnet: a publicly available lexical resource for opinion mining. In: Proceedings of LREC, vol. 6, pp. 417–422. Citeseer (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Farhadloo, M., Rolland, E.: Multi-class sentiment analysis with clustering and score representation. In: 2013 IEEE 13th International Conference on Data Mining Workshops (ICDMW), pp. 904–912. IEEE (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Feldman, R.: Techniques and applications for sentiment analysis. Commun. ACM 56(4), 82–89 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Fellbaum, C.: WordNet. Wiley Online Library, (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Filatova, E.: Irony and sarcasm: Corpus generation and analysis using crowdsourcing. In: LREC, pp. 392–398 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Finn, A., Kushmerick, N., Smyth, B.: Genre classification and domain transfer for information filtering. In: Advances in Information Retrieval, pp. 353–362. Springer (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Furnas, G.W., Landauer, T.K., Gomez, L.M., Dumais, S.T.: The vocabulary problem in human-system communication. Commun. ACM 30(11), 964–971 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Gamon, M., Aue, A., Corston-Oliver, S., Ringger, E.: Pulse: mining customer opinions from free text. Advances in Intelligent Data Analysis VI, pp. 121–132. Springer, Berlin (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  22. Gibbs, R.W.: On the psycholinguistics of sarcasm. J. Exp. Psychol. Gen. 115(1), 3 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Gibbs, R.W., Colston, H.L.: Irony in language and thought: a cognitive science reader. Psychology Press (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  24. González-Ibánez, R., Muresan, S., Wacholder, N.: Identifying sarcasm in twitter: a closer look. In: Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies: short papers, vol. 2, pp. 581–586. Association for Computational Linguistics (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Griffiths, T.L., Steyvers, M., Tenenbaum, J.B.: Topics in semantic representation. Psychol. Rev. 114(2), 211 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Hatzivassiloglou, V. McKeown, K. R.: Predicting the semantic orientation of adjectives. In: Proceedings of the 35th annual meeting of the association for computational linguistics and eighth conference of the european chapter of the association for computational linguistics, pp. 174–181. Association for Computational Linguistics (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hatzivassiloglou, V., Wiebe, J.M.: Effects of adjective orientation and gradability on sentence subjectivity. In: Proceedings of the 18th conference on Computational linguistics, vol. 1, pp. 299–305. Association for Computational Linguistics (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Hofmann, T.: Probabilistic latent semantic indexing. In: Proceedings of the 22nd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, pp. 50–57. ACM (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Hu, M., Liu, B.: Mining and summarizing customer reviews. In: Proceedings of the tenth ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining, KDD’04, pp. 168–177, ACM, New York, USA (2004). ISBN:1-58113-888-1

    Google Scholar 

  30. Jin, W., Ho, H.H., Srihari, R.K.: Opinionminer: a novel machine learning system for web opinion mining and extraction. In: Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining, pp. 1195–1204. ACM (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Jo, Y., Oh, A.H.: Aspect and sentiment unification model for online review analysis. In: Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining, pp. 815–824. ACM (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  32. King, R.: Sentiment analysis gives companies insight into consumer opinion. Business Week: technology (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Lakkaraju, H., Bhattacharyya, C., Bhattacharya, I., Merugu, S.: Exploiting coherence for the simultaneous discovery of latent facets and associated sentiments. In: SDM, pp. 498–509. SIAM (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Lakkaraju, H., Socher, R., Manning, C.: Aspect specific sentiment analysis using hierarchical deep learning. In: Deep Learning and Representation Learning Workshop, NIPS (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Lancaster, F.W.: Vocabulary control for information retrieval (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Li, F., Han, C., Huang, M., Zhu, X., Xia, Y.-J., Zhang, S., Yu, H.: Structure-aware review mining and summarization. In: Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on computational linguistics, pp. 653–661. Association for Computational Linguistics (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Liu, B.: Sentiment analysis and subjectivity. In: Handbook of natural language processing vol. 2, pp. 627–666 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Liu, B.: Sentiment analysis and opinion mining. Synth. Lect. Hum. Lang. Technol. 5(1), 1–167 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Lovins, J.B.: Development of a stemming algorithm. MIT Information Processing Group, Electronic Systems Laboratory (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Lu, Y., Zhai, C., Sundaresan, N.: Rated aspect summarization of short comments. In: Proceedings of the 18th international conference on World wide web, pp. 131–140. ACM (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Maynard, D., Greenwood, M.A.: Who cares about sarcastic tweets? investi-gating the impact of sarcasm on sentiment analysis. In: Proceedings of LREC (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Moghaddam, S., Ester, M.: On the design of lda models for aspect-based opinion mining. In: CIKM’12: Proceedings of the 21st ACM international conference on Information and knowledge management, pp. 803–812, ACM, New York, USA (2012). ISBN:978-1-4503-1156-4, http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2396761.2396863

  43. Pang, B., Lee, L.: Opinion mining and sentiment analysis. Found. Trends Inf. Retr. 2(1–2), 1–135 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Pang, B., Lee, L., Vaithyanathan, S.: Thumbs up?: sentiment classification using machine learning techniques. In: Proceedings of the ACL-02 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, vol. 10, pp. 79–86 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  45. Poria, S., Gelbukh, A., Hussain, A., Das, D., Bandyopadhyay, S.: Enhanced senticnet with affective labels for concept-based opinion mining. Intell. Syst. IEEE, 28(2) (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Porter, M.F.: An algorithm for suffix stripping. Program 14(3), 130–137 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Resnik, P., Hardisty, E.: Gibbs sampling for the uninitiated. Technical report, Maryland University College Park Institute For Advanced Computer Studies, DTIC Document (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Steyvers, M., Griffiths, T.: Probabilistic topic models. Handb. Latent Sem. Anal. 427(7), 424–440 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  49. Subasic, P., Huettner, A.: Affect analysis of text using fuzzy semantic typing. IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst. 9(4), 483–496 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. Svenonius, E.: Unanswered questions in the design of controlled vocabularies. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. 37(5), 331–340 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Tatemura, J.: Virtual reviewers for collaborative exploration of movie reviews. In: Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces, pp. 272–275. ACM (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Turney, P.D.: Thumbs up or thumbs down?: semantic orientation applied to unsupervised classification of reviews. In: Proceedings of the 40th annual meeting on association for computational linguistics, pp. 417–424. Association for Computational Linguistics (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Utsumi, A.: Verbal irony as implicit display of ironic environment: distinguishing ironic utterances from nonirony. J. Pragmat. 32(12), 1777–1806 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Wallach, H.M.: Topic modeling: beyond bag-of-words. In: Proceedings of the 23rd international conference on Machine learning, pp. 977–984. ACM (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  55. Wang, H., Lu, Y., Zhai, C.: Latent aspect rating analysis on review text data: a rating regression approach. In: Proceedings of the 16th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining, pp. 783–792. ACM (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  56. Wang, X., McCallum, A., Wei, X.: Topical n-grams: phrase and topic discovery, with an application to information retrieval. In: Seventh IEEE International Conference on Data Mining, 2007. ICDM 2007, pp. 697–702. IEEE (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  57. Ward, K.F., Rolland, E., Patterson, R.A.: Improving outpatient health care quality: understanding the quality dimensions. Heal. Care Manag. Rev. 30(4), 361–371 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Wiebe, J.: Learning subjective adjectives from corpora. In: AAAI/IAAI, pp. 735–740 (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  59. Willett, P.: The porter stemming algorithm: then and now. Program 40(3), 219–223 (2006)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  60. Wong, T.-L., Bing, L., Lam, W.: Normalizing web product attributes and discovering domain ontology with minimal effort. In: Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Web search and data mining, pp. 805–814. ACM (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  61. Zhan, T.-J., Li, C.-H.: Semantic dependent word pairs generative model forfine-grained product feature mining. In: Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining, pp. 460–475

    Google Scholar 

  62. Zhu, X., Ghahramani, Z.: Learning from labeled and unlabeled data with label propagation. Technical report, Technical Report CMU-CALD-02-107, Carnegie Mellon University (2002)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mohsen Farhadloo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Farhadloo, M., Rolland, E. (2016). Fundamentals of Sentiment Analysis and Its Applications. In: Pedrycz, W., Chen, SM. (eds) Sentiment Analysis and Ontology Engineering. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 639. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30319-2_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30319-2_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-30317-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-30319-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics