Abstract
We describe and motivate the LAPPS Interchange Format, a JSON-LD format that is used for data transfer between language services in the Language Application Grid. The LAPPS Interchange Format enables syntactic and semantic interoperability of language services by providing a uniform syntax for common linguistic data and by using the Linked Data aspect of JSON-LD to refer to external definitions of linguistic categories. It is tightly integrated with the Web Services Exchange Vocabulary, which specifies a terminology for a core of linguistic objects and features exchanged by services.
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Notes
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The USE of LIF objects is actually not a strict requirement imposed for LAPPS Services. For example, services based on an existing pipeline of GATE components may choose to use the GATE format until the output of the very last component. We have created a suite of translation services that translate common linguistic objects between LIF and common existing formats.
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See http://www.json.org/ and http://json-ld.org/.
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A related issue is that versioning not only applies to the version of the wrapped NLP component, but also the version of the wrapper itself as well as to versions of definitions in the vocabulary. This issue is currently under discussion.
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An alternative to this approach is to make PosTag a kind of annotation rather than a feature of an annotation, which can help in reducing potential redundancies that will become obvious later in this section. However, it was important to us to keep the number of annotation categories in the vocabulary as low as possible. We also felt that conceptually a part-of-speech tag is a natural feature of a token and not a standalone category.
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Acknowledgements
This work was supported by two National Science Foundation grants: NSF-ACI 1147944 and NSF-ACI 1147912.
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Verhagen, M. et al. (2016). The LAPPS Interchange Format. In: Murakami, Y., Lin, D. (eds) Worldwide Language Service Infrastructure. WLSI 2015. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9442. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31468-6_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31468-6_3
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