Abstract
Content Words (CWs) are important segments of the text. In text mining, we utilize them for various purposes such as topic identification, document summarization, question answering etc. Usually, the identification of CWs requires various language dependent tools. However, such tools are not available for many languages and developing of them for all languages is costly. On the other hand, because of recent growth of text contents in various languages, language independent text mining carries great potentiality. To mine text automatically, the language tool independent CWs finding is a requirement. In this research, we devise a framework that identifies text segments into CWs in a language independent way. We identify some structural features that relate text segments into CWs. We devise the features over a large text corpus and apply machine learning-based classification that classifies the segments into CWs. The proposed framework only uses large text corpus and some training examples, apart from these, it does not require any language specific tool. We conduct experiments of our framework for three different languages: English, Vietnamese and Indonesian, and found that it works with more than 83 % accuracy.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
Notes
- 1.
In later part, we will use n-gram(s) to mean word n-gram(s).
- 2.
- 3.
- 4.
- 5.
More accurately DBpedia annotator, DBpedia works as structured version of Wikipedia, it can be found at http://dbpedia.org/about/.
- 6.
http://cogcomp.cs.illinois.edu/page/demo_view/Wikifier (for the example of GoogleChina), and http://dbpediaspotlight.github.io/demo/, respectively.
- 7.
References
Aggarwal, C.C., Zhai, C. (eds.): Mining Text Data. Springer, New York (2012)
Cortes, C., Vapnik, V.: Support-vector networks. Mach. Learn. 20(3), 273–297 (1995)
Gamon, M., Aue, A., Corston-Oliver, S., Ringger, E.: Pulse: mining customer opinions from free text. In: Famili, A.F., Kok, J.N., Peña, J.M., Siebes, A., Feelders, A. (eds.) IDA 2005. LNCS, vol. 3646, pp. 121–132. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Kanayama, H., Nasukawa, T.: Unsupervised lexicon induction for clause-level detection of evaluations. Nat. Lang. Eng. 18(1), 83–107 (2012)
Kim, S., Toutanova, K., Yu, H.: Multilingual named entity recognition using parallel data and metadata from wikipedia. In: Proceedings of the 50th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics, pp. 694–702 (2012)
Lewis, D.: What is web 2.0? Crossroads 13(1), 3–3 (2006)
Ma, Y., Wu, J.: Combining n-gram and dependency word pair for multi-document summarization. In: IEEE 17th International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, pp. 27–31 (2014)
Mendes, P.N., Jakob, M., García-Silva, A., Bizer, C.: Dbpedia spotlight: Shedding light on the web of documents. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Semantic Systems, pp. 1–8 (2011)
Nasukawa, T., Nagano, T.: Text analysis and knowledge mining system. IBM Syst. J. 40(4), 967–984 (2001)
Niesler, T., Woodland, P.C.: Variable-length category n-gram language models. Comput. Speech Lang. 13(1), 99–124 (1999)
Quinlan, R.: C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Mateo (1993)
Ratinov, L., Roth, D., Downey, D., Anderson, M.: Local, global algorithms for disambiguation to wikipedia. In: Proceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pp. 1375–1384 (2011)
Shinzato, K., Shibata, T., Kawahara, D., Kurohashi, S.: Tsubaki: An open search engine infrastructure for developing information access methodology. Inf. Med. Technol. 7(1), 354–365 (2012)
Zhu, X., Kiritchenko, S., Mohammad, S.M.: Sentiment analysis of short informal texts. J. Artif. Intell. Res. 50, 723–762 (2014)
Volpe, A.D., Klammer, T.P., Schulz, M.R.: Analyzing English Grammar. Longman, New York (2009)
Tckstrm, O., Das, D., Petrov, S., McDonald, R., Nivre, J.: Token and type constraints for cross-lingual part-of-speech tagging. Trans. Assoc. Comput. Linguist. 1, 1–12 (2013)
Wang, M., Manning, C.D.: Cross-lingual projected expectation regularization for weakly supervised learning. TACL 2, 55–66 (2014)
Winkler, E.: Understanding Language: A Basic Course in Linguistics. Continuum, London (2007)
Wisniewski, G., Pécheux, N., Gahbiche-Braham, S., Yvon, F.: Cross-lingual part-of-speech tagging through ambiguous learning. In: Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pp. 1779–1785 (2014)
Yarowsky, D., Ngai, G., Wicentowski, R.: Inducing multilingual text analysis tools via robust projection across aligned corpora. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on Human Language Technology Research, pp. 1–8 (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Rahoman, MM., Nasukawa, T., Kanayama, H., Ichise, R. (2016). LiCord: Language Independent Content Word Finder. In: Martínez-Álvarez, F., Troncoso, A., Quintián, H., Corchado, E. (eds) Hybrid Artificial Intelligent Systems. HAIS 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9648. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32034-2_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-32034-2_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-32033-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-32034-2
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)