Abstract
A hierarchical key assignment scheme distribute some private information and encryption keys to a set of classes in a partially ordered hierarchy, so that the private information of higher classes can be employed to derive the keys of classes lower down in the hierarchy. A hierarchical key assignment scheme for dynamic structures allows to make dynamic updates to the hierarchy, such as addition, deletion and modification of classes and relations among them, as well as the revocation of users.
In this work we analyze security notions for hierarchical key assignment schemes supporting dynamic structures. In particular, we first propose the notion of key recovery for those schemes. Furthermore, we extend to such schemes the strong key indistinguishability and strong key recovery security definitions proposed by Freire et al. for hierarchical key assignment schemes. Finally, we investigate the relations occurring between all the state-of-the-art security notions for hierarchical key assignment schemes supporting dynamic structures, showing implications and separations which hold between such notions. In detail, we prove that also in the case of dynamic structures, security with respect to strong key indistinguishability is equivalent to the one with respect to key indistinguishability.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Aho, A.V., Garey, M.R., Ullman, J.D.: The transitive reduction of a directed graph. SIAM J. Comput. 1(2), 131–137 (1972). doi:10.1137/0201008
Akl, S.G., Taylor, P.D.: Cryptographic solution to a problem of access control in a hierarchy. ACM Trans. Comput. Syst. 1(3), 239–248 (1983). doi:10.1145/357369.357372
Atallah, M.J., Blanton, M., Fazio, N., Frikken, K.B.: Dynamic and efficient key management for access hierarchies. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst. Secur. 12(3), 18 (2009). doi:10.1145/1455526.1455531
Atallah, M.J., Blanton, M., Frikken, K.B.: Key management for non-tree access hierarchies. In: Ferraiolo, D.F., Ray, I. (eds.) Proceedings of the 11th ACM Symposium on Access Control Models and Technologies, SACMAT 2006, Lake Tahoe, California, USA, 7–9 June 2006, pp. 11–18. ACM (2006). http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1133058.1133062
Atallah, M.J., Blanton, M., Frikken, K.B.: Incorporating temporal capabilities in existing key management schemes. In: Biskup, J., López, J. (eds.) ESORICS 2007. LNCS, vol. 4734, pp. 515–530. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74835-9_34
Atallah, M.J., Frikken, K.B., Blanton, M.: Dynamic and efficient key management for access hierarchies. In: Atluri, V., Meadows, C., Juels, A. (eds.) Proceedings of the 12th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS 2005, Alexandria, VA, USA, 7–11 November 2005, pp. 190–202. ACM (2005). http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1102120.1102147
Ateniese, G., De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Provably-securetime-bound hierarchical key assignment schemes. In: Juels, A., Wright, R.N., di Vimercati, S.D.C. (eds.) Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security, CCS 2006, Alexandria, VA, USA, October 30–November 3 2006, pp. 288–297. ACM (2006). http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1180405.1180441
Ateniese, G., De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Provably-secure time-bound hierarchical key assignment schemes. J. Cryptology 25(2), 243–270 (2012). doi:10.1007/s00145-010-9094-6
Cafaro, M., Civino, R., Masucci, B.: On the equivalence of two security notions for hierarchical key assignment schemes in the unconditional setting. IEEE Trans. Dependable Sec. Comput. 12(4), 485–490 (2015)
Castiglione, A., De Santis, A., Masucci, B.: Hierarchical and shared key assignment. In: 17th International Conference on Network-Based InformationSystems, NBIS 2014, pp. 263–270. IEEE (2014). http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/NBiS.2014.106
Castiglione, A., De Santis, A., Masucci, B.: Key indistinguishability vs. strong key indistinguishability for hierarchical key assignment schemes. IEEE Trans. Dependable Sec. Comput. (2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TDSC.2015.2413415
Castiglione, A., De Santis, A., Masucci, B., Palmieri, F., Castiglione, A., Li, J., Huang, X.: Hierarchical and shared access control. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 11(4), 850–865 (2016). doi:10.1109/TIFS.2015.2512533
Castiglione, A., De Santis, A., Masucci, B., et al.: Cryptographic hierarchical access control for dynamic structures. Manuscript Submitted for Publication in IEEE Transactions of Information Forensics and Security (2015)
Chen, T., Chung, Y.: Hierarchical access control based on chinese remainder theorem and symmetric algorithm. Comput. Secur. 21(6), 565–570 (2002). doi:10.1016/S0167-4048(02)01016-7
Chien, H.: Efficient time-bound hierarchical key assignment scheme. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 16(10), 1301–1304 (2004). doi:10.1109/TKDE.2004.59
D’Arco, P., De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Security and tradeoffs of the Akl-Taylor scheme and its variants. In: Královič, R., Niwiński, D. (eds.) MFCS 2009. LNCS, vol. 5734, pp. 247–257. Springer, Heidelberg (2009). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-03816-7_22
D’Arco, P., Santis, A.D., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Variations on a theme by Akl and Taylor: security and tradeoffs. Theor. Comput. Sci. 411(1), 213–227 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2009.09.028
De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Cryptographic key assignment schemes for any access control policy. Inf. Process. Lett. 92(4), 199–205 (2004)
De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Enforcing the security of a time-bound hierarchical key assignment scheme. Inf. Sci. 176(12), 1684–1694 (2006). doi:10.1016/j.ins.2005.07.002
De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Unconditionally secure key assignment schemes. Discrete Appl. Math. 154(2), 234–252 (2006). doi:10.1016/j.dam.2005.03.025
De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Efficient provably-secure hierarchical key assignment schemes. In: Kučera, L., Kučera, A. (eds.) MFCS 2007. LNCS, vol. 4708, pp. 371–382. Springer, Heidelberg (2007). doi:10.1007/978-3-540-74456-6_34
De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: New constructions for provably-secure time-bound hierarchical key assignment schemes. In: Lotz, V., Thuraisingham, B.M. (eds.) Proceedings of the 12th ACM Symposium on Access Control Models and Technologies, SACMAT 2007, Sophia Antipolis, France, 20–22 June 2007, pp. 133–138. ACM (2007). http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1266840.1266861
De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: New constructions for provably-secure time-bound hierarchical key assignment schemes. Theor. Comput. Sci. 407(1–3), 213–230 (2008). doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2008.05.021
De Santis, A., Ferrara, A.L., Masucci, B.: Efficient provably-secure hierarchical key assignment schemes. Theor. Comput. Sci. 412(41), 5684–5699 (2011). doi:10.1016/j.tcs.2011.06.024
Freire, E.S.V., Paterson, K.G.: Provably secure key assignment schemes from factoring. In: Parampalli, U., Hawkes, P. (eds.) ACISP 2011. LNCS, vol. 6812, pp. 292–309. Springer, Heidelberg (2011). doi:10.1007/978-3-642-22497-3_19
Freire, E.S.V., Paterson, K.G., Poettering, B.: Simple, efficient and strongly KI-secure hierarchical key assignment schemes. In: Dawson, E. (ed.) CT-RSA 2013. LNCS, vol. 7779, pp. 101–114. Springer, Heidelberg (2013)
Harn, L., Lin, H.: A cryptographic key generation scheme for multilevel data security. Comput. Secur. 9(6), 539–546 (1990). doi:10.1016/0167-4048(90)90132-D
Huang, H., Chang, C.: A new cryptographic key assignment scheme with time-constraint access control in a hierarchy. Comput. Stan. Interfaces 26(3), 159–166 (2004). doi:10.1016/S0920-5489(03)00073-4
Liaw, H., Wang, S., Lei, C.: A dynamic cryptographic key assignment scheme in a tree structure. Comput. Math. Appl. 25(6), 109–114 (1993). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/089812219390305F
Lin, C.H.: Dynamic key management schemes for access control in a hierarchy. Comput. Commun. 20(15), 1381–1385 (1997). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014036649700100X
Lin, I.C., Hwang, M.S., Chang, C.C.: A new key assignment scheme for enforcing complicated access control policies in hierarchy. Future Gener. Comput. Syst. 19(4), pp. 457 – 462 (2003). http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167739X02002005. Selected Papers from the IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid, Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Berlin, Germany, 21–24 May 2002
MacKinnon, S.J., Taylor, P.D., Meijer, H., Akl, S.G.: An optimal algorithm for assigning cryptographic keys to control access in a hierarchy. IEEE Trans. Comput. 34(9), 797–802 (1985). doi:10.1109/TC.1985.1676635
Min-Shiang, H.: A cryptographic key assignment scheme in a hierarchy for access control. Math. Comput. Model. 26(2), 27–31 (1997). doi:10.1016/S0895-7177(97)00120-9
Sandhu, R.S.: Cryptographic implementation of a tree hierarchy for access control. Inf. Process. Lett. 27(2), 95–98 (1988). doi:10.1016/0020-0190(88)90099-3
Shen, V.R.L., Chen, T.: A novel key management scheme based on discrete logarithms and polynomial interpolations. Comput. Secur. 21(2), 164–171 (2002). doi:10.1016/S0167-4048(02)00211-0
Tang, Q., Mitchell, C.J.: Comments on a cryptographic key assignment scheme. Comput. Stan. Interfaces 27(3), 323–326 (2005). doi:10.1016/j.csi.2004.07.001
Tzeng, W.: A time-bound cryptographic key assignment scheme for access control in a hierarchy. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 14(1), 182–188 (2002). doi:10.1109/69.979981
Tzeng, W.: A secure system for data access based on anonymous authentication and time-dependent hierarchical keys. In: Lin, F., Lee, D., Lin, B.P., Shieh, S., Jajodia, S. (eds.) Proceedings of the 2006 ACM Symposium on Information, Computer and Communications Security, ASIACCS 2006, Taipei,Taiwan, 21–24 March 2006, pp. 223–230. ACM (2006). http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1128817.1128851
Wang, S., Laih, C.: Merging: an efficient solution for a time-bound hierarchical key assignment scheme. IEEE Trans. Dependable Sec. Comput. 3(1), 91–100 (2006). doi:10.1109/TDSC.2006.15
Wu, T., Chang, C.: Cryptographic key assignment scheme for hierarchical access control. Comput. Syst. Sci. Eng. 16(1), 25–28 (2001)
Yeh, J., Chow, R., Newman, R.: A key assignment for enforcing access control policy exceptions. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Internet Technology, pp. 54–59 (1998)
Yeh, J.: An RSA-based time-bound hierarchical key assignment scheme for electronic article subscription. In: Herzog, O., Schek, H., Fuhr, N., Chowdhury, A., Teiken, W. (eds.) Proceedings of the 2005 ACM CIKM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management, Bremen,Germany, 31 October–5 November 2005, pp. 285–286. ACM (2005). http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1099554.1099629
Yi, X.: Security of chien’s efficient time-bound hierarchical key assignment scheme. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 17(9), 1298–1299 (2005). doi:10.1109/TKDE.2005.152
Yi, X., Ye, Y.: Security of tzeng’s time-bound key assignment scheme for access control in a hierarchy. IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng. 15(4), 1054–1055 (2003). doi:10.1109/TKDE.2003.1209023
Acknowledgments
This work has been partially supported by the Italian Ministry of Research within PRIN project “GenData 2020” (2010RTFWBH).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Castiglione, A., De Santis, A., Masucci, B., Palmieri, F., Castiglione, A. (2016). On the Relations Between Security Notions in Hierarchical Key Assignment Schemes for Dynamic Structures. In: Liu, J., Steinfeld, R. (eds) Information Security and Privacy. ACISP 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9723. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40367-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40367-0_3
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40366-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-40367-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)