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Decidable Models of Integer-Manipulating Programs with Recursive Parallelism

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Reachability Problems (RP 2016)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNTCS,volume 9899))

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Abstract

We study safety verification for multithreaded programs with recursive parallelism (i.e. unbounded thread creation and recursion) as well as unbounded integer variables. Since the threads in each program configuration are structured in a hierarchical fashion, our model is state-extended ground-tree rewrite systems equipped with shared unbounded integer counters that can be incremented, decremented, and compared against an integer constant. Since the model is Turing-complete, we propose a decidable underapproximation. First, using a restriction similar to context-bounding, we underapproximate the global control by a weak global control (i.e. DAGs possibly with self-loops), thereby limiting the number of synchronisations between different threads. Second, we bound the number of reversals between non-decrementing and non-incrementing modes of the counters. Under this restriction, we show that reachability becomes NP-complete. In fact, it is poly-time reducible to satisfaction over existential Presburger formulas, which allows one to tap into highly optimised SMT solvers. Our decidable approximation strictly generalises known decidable models including (i) weakly-synchronised ground-tree rewrite systems, and (ii) synchronisation/reversal-bounded concurrent pushdown systems with counters. Finally, we show that, when equipped with reversal-bounded counters, relaxing the weak control restriction by the notion of senescence results in undecidability.

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Acknowledgments

We thank anonymous reviewers for their helpful feedback. This work was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K009907/1] and Yale-NUS College Startup Grant.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Royal Holloway, University of London, London, UK

    Matthew Hague

  2. Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore

    Anthony Widjaja Lin

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  1. Matthew Hague
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Correspondence to Matthew Hague or Anthony Widjaja Lin .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

    Kim Guldstrand Larsen

  2. University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

    Igor Potapov

  3. Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark

    Jiří Srba

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Hague, M., Lin, A.W. (2016). Decidable Models of Integer-Manipulating Programs with Recursive Parallelism. In: Larsen, K., Potapov, I., Srba, J. (eds) Reachability Problems. RP 2016. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 9899. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45994-3_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45994-3_11

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