Abstract
Energy consumption is of main concern in the field of Wireless Video Sensor Networks (WVSNs) where energy resources are limited, consisting only in the battery of the sensor nodes that determines their lifetime. In this paper, we propose an empirical parametric model to predict the energy consumption of a High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) based video encoder in its intra-only mode, used in the context of the next generation WVSNs. Such model is of great interest to adapt the waste of energy of the encoding phase to the remaining energy budget of the node, while meeting the required video quality. The proposed model predicts the energy consumption, considering the adopted Quantization Parameter (QP) and the Frame Rate parameter (FR). A Raspberry Pi 2 card based video sensor node is used for modelling and validation, considering different configurations and spatial resolutions. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed model describes well the occurred energy dissipation during the video encoding phase, with an average prediction error of 4.5%.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Alaoui-Fdili, O., Fakhri, Y., Corlay, P., Coudoux, F.X., Aboutajdine, D.: Energy consumption analysis and modelling of a H.264/AVC intra-only based encoder dedicated to WVSNs. In: 2014 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), pp. 1189–1193. IEEE (2014)
Bossen, F., Bross, B., Suhring, K., Flynn, D.: Hevc complexity and implementation analysis. IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. Video Technol. 22(12), 1685–1696 (2012)
Dai, R., Wang, P., Akyildiz, I.F.: Correlation-aware qos routing with differential coding for wireless video sensor networks. IEEE Trans. Multimedia 14(5), 1469–1479 (2012)
Fahmy, H.M.A.: Wireless Sensor Networks: Concepts, Applications, Experimentation and Analysis. Signals and Communication Technology, vol. 1. Springer, Heidelberg (2016)
Herglotz, C., Springer, D., Eichenseer, A., Kaup, A.: Modeling the energy consumption of HEVC intra decoding. In: 2013 20th International Conference on Systems, Signals and Image Processing (IWSSIP), pp. 91–94. IEEE (2013)
ITU-T RECOMMENDATION, P.: Subjective video quality assessment methods for multimedia applications (1999)
Kafi, M.A., Djenouri, D., Ben-Othman, J., Badache, N.: Congestion control protocols in wireless sensor networks: a survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 16(3), 1369–1390 (2014)
Karlsson, J.: Wireless video sensor network and its applications in digital zoo. Ph.D. thesis (2010)
Lu, X., Wang, Y., Erkip, E.: Power efficient h. 263 video transmission over wireless channels. In: Proceedings of 2002 International Conference on Image Processing 2002, vol. 1, pp. I–533. IEEE (2002)
Pantazis, N.A., Nikolidakis, S.A., Vergados, D.D.: Energy-efficient routing protocols in wireless sensor networks: a survey. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials 15(2), 551–591 (2013)
Pilotte, P.: Curve fitting toolbox, 17 December 2015. http://www.mathworks.com/products/curvefitting/
Rodr, R., Alonso, M., Mart, J., Mayo, R., Quintana-Ort, E., et al.: Time and energy modeling of an intra-only hevc encoder. In: 2015 Visual Communications and Image Processing (VCIP), pp. 1–4. IEEE (2015)
Saab, F., Elhajj, I., Kayssi, A., Chehab, A.: Profiling of hevc encoder. Electron. Lett. 50(15), 1061–1063 (2014)
Seward, J., Nethercote, N., Weidendorfer, J.: Valgrind 3.3-Advanced Debugging and Profiling for GNU/Linux applications. Network Theory Ltd., Bristol (2008)
Soro, S., Heinzelman, W.: A survey of visual sensor networks. Adv. Multimedia (2009)
Vanne, J., Viitanen, M., Hamalainen, T.D., Hallapuro, A.: Comparative rate-distortion-complexity analysis of hevc and avc video codecs. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 22(12), 1885–1898 (2012)
Yap, F.G., Yen, H.H.: A survey on sensor coverage and visual data capturing/processing/transmission in wireless visual sensor networks. Sensors 14(2), 3506–3527 (2014)
Zhang, Y., Kwong, S., Zhang, G., Pan, Z., Yuan, H., Jiang, G.: Low complexity hevc intra coding for high-quality mobile video communication. IEEE Trans. Industr. Inf. 11(6), 1492–1504 (2015)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ait-Beni-Ifit, A., Alaoui-Fdili, O., Corlay, P., Coudoux, FX., Aboutajdine, D. (2017). Profiling and Modelling of HEVC Intra Video Encoder’s Energy Consumption for Next Generation WVSNS. In: El Abbadi, A., Garbinato, B. (eds) Networked Systems. NETYS 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10299. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59647-1_34
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59647-1_34
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-59646-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-59647-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)