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A Design Pattern for Working Agreements in Human-Autonomy Teaming

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Advances in Human Factors in Simulation and Modeling (AHFE 2017)

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 591))

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Abstract

Humans and machines are increasingly reliant upon each other in complex environments and military operations. The near future suggests human understanding of machine counterparts is a required, paradigmatic element. Knowing how to engineer and design for these environments is challenging. The complexity between levels of automation, human information processing, and function allocation authority issues in an adaptive system make it unlikely to find a “one-size-fits-all” approach. There may still be general strategies for engineering in these cases; for example, collaborating and coordinating are familiar requirements of all human team activities, and extend to human-automation teaming. Here, we outline what we believe is one so-called “design pattern” for working agreements. We use the loose structure of prior software design patterns to organize our thoughts on why working agreements are necessary, where and how they are applicable, what instantiating them requires, and how to measure their effectiveness. By choosing the design pattern structure, we end up carefully describing what might work best and what the limits are toward improving human-machine teaming.

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Acknowledgements

The views expressed in this article are the sole views of the authors and do not reflect official policy or the opinions of the US Government or Department of Defense. This work was funded in part by a NISE ONR project from SPAWAR Pacific, and from the Autonomy Research Pilot Initiative IMPACT project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, CA, 92152, USA

    Robert S. Gutzwiller, Sarah H. Espinosa, Caitlin Kenny & Douglas S. Lange

Authors
  1. Robert S. Gutzwiller
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  2. Sarah H. Espinosa
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  3. Caitlin Kenny
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  4. Douglas S. Lange
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Robert S. Gutzwiller .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. RDRL-HRF-D, United States Army, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, USA

    Daniel N. Cassenti

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Gutzwiller, R.S., Espinosa, S.H., Kenny, C., Lange, D.S. (2018). A Design Pattern for Working Agreements in Human-Autonomy Teaming. In: Cassenti, D. (eds) Advances in Human Factors in Simulation and Modeling. AHFE 2017. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 591. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60591-3_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60591-3_2

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