Abstract
Statistical undetectability is a common problem in current MP3 steganography. In this paper, a novel adaptive scheme of MP3 steganography is proposed for obtaining higher secure payload under the framework of distortion minimization. To avoid disabling MP3 encoder in the embedding process, a mapping construction algorithm using Huffman codes of equal length is realized to hold the length of stego codestream. Furthermore, a content-aware distortion function is designed to achieve optimal masking effect via the psychoacoustic model (PAM). Experimental results show that our method achieves better performance than others in terms of security and secure payload, the detection accuracy of the proposed method is lower than \(55\%\) under 128 kbps when the relative payload is equal to 0.25.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Dong, Y.: Research on information hiding based on mp3. Master’s thesis, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Beijing (2015)
Filler, T., Judas, J., Fridrich, J.: Minimizing additive distortion in steganography using syndrome-trellis codes. IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensics Secur. 6(3), 920–935 (2011)
Fridrich, J.: Steganography in Digital Media: Principles, Algorithms, and Applications. Cambridge University Press, New York (2009)
Fridrich, J.: Steganalysis of JPEG images using rich models. In: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 8303, pp. 7–20 (2012)
Gao, H.: The mp3 steganography algorithm based on huffman coding. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Univ. Sunyatseni 46(4), 32–35 (2007)
Jin, C., Wang, R., Yan, D.: Steganalysis of mp3stego with low embedding-rate using markov feature. Multimed. Tools Appl. 76(5), 6143–6158 (2017)
Liu, W., Wang, S., Zhang, X.: Audio watermarking based on partial mp3 encoding. Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Univ. Sunyatseni 43(S2), 26–33 (2004)
Petitcolas, F.A.: MP3Stego (1998)
Smith, J.O., Abel, J.S.: ISO/IEC 11172–3: Information Technology - Coding of Moving Pictures and Associated Audio for Digital Storage Media at Up to about 1.5 Mbit/s - Part 3: Audio (1993)
Thiede, T.: PEAQ-the ITU standard for objective measurement of perceived audio quality. J. Audio Eng. Soc. Audio Eng. Soc. 48(1), 3–29 (2000)
Wang, C., Chen, T., Chao, W.: A new audio watermarking based on modified discrete cosine transform of MPEG/audio layer III. In: Proceedings of 2004 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Sensing and Control, pp. 984–989 (2004)
Wu, G., Zhuang, Y., Wu, F., Pan, Y.: Adaptive audio watermarking based on snr in localized regions. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A (Sci. Eng.) 6A, 53–57 (2005)
Yan, D.: Steganography and Steganalysis of Compressed Domain Audio. Ph.D. thesis, Ningbo University, Ningbo (2012)
Yan, D., Wang, R., Yu, X., Zhu, J.: Steganography for MP3 audio by exploiting the rule of window switching. Comput. Secur. 31(5), 704–716 (2012)
Yan, D., Wang, R., Zhang, L.: A large capacity MP3 steganography algorithm based on huffman coding. J. Sichuan Univ. (Nat. Sci. Ed.) 48(6), 1281–1286 (2011)
Zhang, Y., Pan, F., Shen, J., Li, N.: A post-adaptive steganography algorithm based on MP3. Comput. Sci. 43(8), 114–117 (2016)
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the NSFC under U1636102, U1536207 and U1536105, and National Key Technology R&D Program under 2014BAH41B01, 2016YFB0801003, 2016QY15Z2500 and 2016QY08D1600.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Yang, K., Yi, X., Zhao, X., Zhou, L. (2017). Adaptive MP3 Steganography Using Equal Length Entropy Codes Substitution. In: Kraetzer, C., Shi, YQ., Dittmann, J., Kim, H. (eds) Digital Forensics and Watermarking. IWDW 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10431. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64185-0_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64185-0_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-64184-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-64185-0
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)