Skip to main content

Machine Vision for Coin Recognition with ANNs: Effect of Training and Testing Parameters

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Engineering Applications of Neural Networks (EANN 2017)

Abstract

Pattern recognition is a branch of machine learning that focuses on the recognition of patterns and regularities in data for object recognition, classification and computer vision segmentation. Features are extracted from input data and used for object classification purposes. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are popular tools for pattern recognition applications. The performance of the networks is usually defined in terms of the classification accuracy. However, there are no real design guidelines for training and testing protocols. This research set out to evaluate the effect on accuracy of the design parameters, including: size of the database, number of classes, quality of images, type of network, nature of training and testing strategy. A coin recognition task was used for the evaluation. A set of guidelines for part recognition tasks is presented based on experience with this task.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Davidsson, P.: Coin classification using a novel technique for learning characteristic decision trees by controlling the degree of generalization. In: 9th International Conference on Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, pp. 403–412, Fukuoka, Japan (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Van Der Maaten, L., Boon, P.: Coin-o-matic: a fast system for reliable coin classification. In: Proceedings of the MUSCLE CIS Coin Competition Workshop, pp. 7–17, Berlin, Germany (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Tang, P., Steinbach, M., Kumar, V.: Introduction to Data Mining, pp. 487–568. Pearson Addison Wesely, London (2006). Chap. 8

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bianchini, M., Scarselli, F.: On the complexity of shallow and deep neural network classifiers. In: European Symposium on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and Machine Learning (ESANN), pp. 371–376, Bruges, Belgium (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Csurka, G., Dance, C., Fan, L., Willamowski, J., Bray, C.: Visual categorization with bags of keypoints. In: Workshop on Statistical Learning in Computer Vision, pp. 1–22, Prague, Czech Republic (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Nilsback, M., Zisserman, A.: A visual vocabulary for flower classification. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), vol. 2, pp. 1447–1454, New York, USA (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Krizhevsky, A., Sutskever, I., Hinton, G.: Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, pp. 1097–1105 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Azizpour, H., Razavian, A., Sullivan, J., Maki, A., Carlsson, A.: Factors of transferability for a generic convnet representation. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 38(9), 1790–1802 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Nashat, S., Abdullah, A., Aramvith, S., Abdullah, M.: Support vector machine approach to real-time inspection of biscuits on moving conveyor belt. Comput. Electron. Agric. 75(1), 147–158 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Niklaus, P., Ulli, G.: Automated resistor classification. Group thesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Computer Engineering and Networks Laboratory, Zurich, Switzerland (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Wu, W., Wang, X., Huang, G., Xu, D.: Automatic gear sorting system based on monocular vision. Digit. Commun. Netw. 1(4), 284–291 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kim, T.-H., Cho, T.-H., Moon, Y., Park, S.: Visual inspection system for the classification of solder joints. Pattern Recogn. 86(11), 2278–2324 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Iyshwerya, K., Janani, B., Krithika, S., Manikanandan, T.: Defect detection algorithm for high speed inspection in machine vision. In: International Conference on Smart Structures and Systems (ICSSS), pp. 103–107, Chennai, India (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Shen, H., Li, S., Gu, D., Chang, H.: Bearing defect inspection based on machine vision. Measurement 45(4), 719–733 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Competition for design: retrieved from Indian government website. http://finmin.nic.in/the_ministry/dept_eco_affairs/currency_coinage/Comp_Design.pdf. Accessed 01 Aug 2016

  16. Bremananth, R., Balaji, B., Sarkari, M., Chitra, A.: A new approach to coin recognition using neural pattern analysis. In: IEEE Indicon Conference, pp. 366–370, Chennai, India (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Cai-ming, C., Shi-qing, Z., Yue-fan, C.: A coin recognition system with rotation invarience In: International Conference on Machine Vision and Human Interface, pp. 755–757, Kaifeng, China (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Velu, C., Vivekanandan, P., Keshwan, K.: Indian coin recognition and sum counting system of image data mining using artificial neural networks. Int. J. Adv. Sci. Technol. 31, 67–80 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Modi, S.: Automated coin recognition system using ANN. Master’s thesis, Department of Computer Science Engineering, Thapar University, Patiala, India (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Modi, S., Bawa, S.: Automated coin recognition system using ANN. Int. J. Comput. Appl. 26(4), 13–28 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Shah, S., Bennamoun, M., Boussaid, F.: Iterative deep learning for image set based face and object recognition. Neurocomputing 174, 866–874 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Noda, K., Yamaguchi, Y., Nakadai, K., Okuno, H., Ogata, T.: Audio-visual speech recognition using deep learning. Appl. Intell. 42, 722–737 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Zhou, S., Chen, Q., Wang, X.: Active deep learning method for semi-supervised sentiment classification. Neurocomputing 120, 536–546 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Nguyen, A., Yosinski, J., Clune, J.: Deep neural networks are easily fooled: high confidence predictions for unrecognizable images. In: IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), pp. 427–436, Boston, USA (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Szegedy, C., Zaremba, W., Sutskever, I., Bruna, J., Erhan, D., Goodfellow, I., Fergus, R.: Intriguing properties of neural networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1312.6199, (2014)

  26. Joshi, K., Surgenor, B., Chauhan, V.: Analysis of methods for the recognition of Indian coins: a challenging application of machine vision to automated inspection. In: 23rd International IEEE Conference on Mechatronics and Machine Vision in Practice (M2VIP), pp. 1–6, Nanjing, China (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Joshi K., Chauhan V., Surgenor, B.: Real-time recognition and counting of Indian currency coins using machine vision: a preliminary analysis. In: Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering (CSME) International Congress, Kelowna, Canada (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Mittal, A., Soundararajan, R., Bovik, A.: Making a completely blind image quality analyzer. IEEE Sig. Process. Lett. 20(3), 209–212 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

The research was partially funded by Mitacs and partially funded by Queen’s University.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vedang Chauhan .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this paper

Cite this paper

Chauhan, V., Joshi, K.D., Surgenor, B. (2017). Machine Vision for Coin Recognition with ANNs: Effect of Training and Testing Parameters. In: Boracchi, G., Iliadis, L., Jayne, C., Likas, A. (eds) Engineering Applications of Neural Networks. EANN 2017. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 744. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65172-9_44

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65172-9_44

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-65171-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-65172-9

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics