Abstract
Estimating the theoretical complexity of a parallel algorithm can give an impression on how it will perform in practice. However, this complexity analysis is very often omitted in the works from the parallel computation field. In this paper, we theoretically analyze the time complexity of our parallel algorithm for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows (PDPTW), which is an NP-hard discrete optimization task. The PDPTW is a hierarchical objective problem—the main objective is to minimize the number of trucks serving the transportation requests, whereas the second objective is to optimize the travel distance. In our approach, the fleet size is optimized using the parallel ejection search, and the distance is minimized using the parallel memetic algorithm. Finally, we report example experimental results showing that our parallel algorithms work very fast in practice.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
The benchmark and the world’s best results are available at: https://www.sintef.no/projectweb/top/pdptw/li-lim-benchmark/; access date: March 12, 2017.
References
Bettinelli, A., Ceselli, A., Righini, G.: A branch-and-price algorithm for the multi-depot heterogeneous-fleet pickup and delivery problem with soft time windows. Math. Program. Comput. 6(2), 171–197 (2014)
Blocho, M., Nalepa, J.: Complexity Analysis of the Parallel Guided Ejection Search for the Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows (2017). http://arxiv.org/abs/1704.06724
Blocho, M., Nalepa, J.: LCS-based selective route exchange crossover for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows. In: Hu, B., López-Ibáñez, M. (eds.) Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization. LNCS, vol. 10197, pp. 124–140. Springer, Cham (2017)
Chami, Z.A., Manier, H., Manier, M.A.: New model for a variant of pick up and delivery problem. In: IEEE SMC 2016, Budapest, Hungary, pp. 001,708–001,713 (2016)
Cherkesly, M., Desaulniers, G., Laporte, G.: A population-based metaheuristic for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows and LIFO loading. Comput. Oper. Res. 62, 23–35 (2015)
Nagata, Y., Kobayashi, S.: Guided ejection search for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows. In: Cowling, P., Merz, P. (eds.) Evolutionary Computation in Combinatorial Optimization. LNCS, vol. 6022, pp. 202–213. Springer, Berlin (2010)
Nalepa, J., Blocho, M.: A parallel algorithm with the search space partition for the pickup and delivery with time windows. In: 3PGCIC 2015, Krakow, Poland, pp. 92–99 (2015)
Nalepa, J., Blocho, M.: Co-operation in the parallel memetic algorithm. Int. J. Parallel Program. 43(5), 812–839 (2015)
Nalepa, J., Blocho, M.: Enhanced guided ejection search for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows. In: Nguyen, N.T., Trawiński, B., Fujita, H., Hong, T.P. (eds.) Intelligent Information and Database Systems. LNCS, vol. 9621, pp. 388–398. Springer, Berlin (2016)
Nalepa, J., Blocho, M.: A parallel memetic algorithm for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows. In: PDP 2017, St. Petersburg, Russia, pp. 1–8 (2017)
Nikolopoulou, A.I., Repoussis, P.P., Tarantilis, C.D., Zachariadis, E.E.: Moving products between location pairs: cross-docking versus direct-shipping. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 256(3), 803–819 (2017)
Parragh, S.N., Doerner, K.F., Hartl, R.F.: A survey on pickup and delivery problems. J. fur Betriebswirtschaft 58(1), 21–51 (2008)
Ropke, S., Pisinger, D.: An adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows. Transp. Sci. 40(4), 455–472 (2006)
Acknowledgements
This research was supported by the National Science Centre under research Grant No. DEC-2013/09/N/ST6/03461, and by the Polish National Centre for Research and Development (POIR.01.02.00-00-0030/15). We thank the TASK CI centre in Gdańsk, where the computations were carried out.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Blocho, M., Nalepa, J. (2018). Complexity Analysis of the Parallel Memetic Algorithm for the Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows. In: Gruca, A., CzachĂłrski, T., Harezlak, K., Kozielski, S., Piotrowska, A. (eds) Man-Machine Interactions 5. ICMMI 2017. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 659. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67792-7_46
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67792-7_46
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-67791-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-67792-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)