Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

A Style Sheets Based Approach for Semantic Transformation of Web Pages

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Distributed Computing and Internet Technology (ICDCIT 2018)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 10722))

Abstract

The goal of this paper is to propose a style sheet based approach for enabling semantic transformations of existing, already published web pages. Traditionally, web page transformations were largely driven by approaches such as XSLT that focuses on XML documents, and CSS that transforms the style of HTML content. However, despite their wide usage, XSLT is considered as too complex and rigid while CSS only focuses on form and the aesthetics of display. To address this major concern, we propose a new type of style sheet that is (1) applicable on existing, published web content, (2) able to perform semantic transformations, and (3) able to do some client-side processing of published web content. We present the design of the prototype and demonstrate the idea of using semantic style sheets by delivering a set of multiple transformations of a random web page from NASA website.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    http://www.internetlivestats.com/internet-users/.

  2. 2.

    https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/content_language/all.

  3. 3.

    World Wide Web Consortium; A standards body for the Web; https://www.w3.org/TR/html4/present/styles.html.

  4. 4.

    http://nptel.ac.in/.

  5. 5.

    http://taligarsiel.com/Projects/howbrowserswork1.htm#The_browser_main_functionality.

  6. 6.

    http://greenbytes.de/tech/tc/xslt/.

  7. 7.

    Criticism on XSLT can be found here on Stack Overflow. Refer: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/78716/is-xslt-worth-it.

  8. 8.

    https://www.npmjs.com/package/json-rules-engine.

  9. 9.

    https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/K-12/airplane/thermo.html.

References

  1. Bandhakavi, S., Tiku, N., Pittman, W., King, S.T., Madhusudan, P., Winslett, M.: Vetting browser extensions for security vulnerabilities with vex. Commun. ACM 54(9), 91–99 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bruns, A., Kornstadt, A., Wichmann, D.: Web application tests with selenium. IEEE Softw. 26(5), 88–91 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. World Wide Web Consortium, et al.: XSL transformations (XSLT) version 2.0 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  4. World Wide Web Consortium, et al.: Cascading style sheets level 2 revision 1 (CSS 2.1) specification (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Darwin, P.B., Kozlowski, P.: AngularJS Web Application Development. Packt Publishing, Birmingham (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Díaz, O.: Understanding web augmentation. In: Grossniklaus, M., Wimmer, M. (eds.) ICWE 2012. LNCS, vol. 7703, pp. 79–80. Springer, Heidelberg (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-35623-0_8

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  7. Dinesh, T., Uskudarli, S., Sastry, S., Aggarwal, D., Choppella, V.: Alipi: a framework for re-narrating web pages. In: Proceedings of the International Cross-Disciplinary Conference on Web Accessibility, p. 22. ACM (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Goldfarb, C.F.: SGML: the reason why and the first published hint. J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci. (1986–1998) 48(7), 656 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Grinberg, M.: Flask Web Development: Developing Web Applications with Python. O’Reilly Media, Inc., Sebastopol (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gupta, S., Kaiser, G., Neistadt, D., Grimm, P.: DOM-based content extraction of HTML documents. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on World Wide Web, pp. 207–214. ACM (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Hidayat, A.: PhantomJS: headless webkit with Javascript API. WSEAS Trans. Commun. (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kurniawan, S.H., King, A., Evans, D.G., Blenkhorn, P.: Personalising web page presentation for older people. Interact. Comput. 18(3), 457–477 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Laakko, T., Hiltunen, T.: Adapting web content to mobile user agents. IEEE Internet Comput. 9(2), 46–53 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Lie, H.W.: Cascading HTML style sheets-a proposal. World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Maler, E., Andaloussi, J.E.: Developing SGML DTDs: From Text to Model to Markup. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River (1995)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mazinanian, D., Tsantalis, N.: An empirical study on the use of CSS preprocessors. In: 2016 IEEE 23rd International Conference on Software Analysis, Evolution, and Reengineering (SANER), vol. 1, pp. 168–178. IEEE (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Mernik, M., Heering, J., Sloane, A.M.: When and how to develop domain-specific languages. ACM Comput. Surv. (CSUR) 37(4), 316–344 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Pilgrim, M.: Greasemonkey Hacks: Tips & Tools for Remixing the Web with Firefox. O’Reilly Media Inc., Sebastapol (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Prasad, G.V.S.: Renarrating web content to increase web accessibility. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance, pp. 598–601. ACM (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Prasad, G.V.S., Chimalakonda, S., Choppella, V., Reddy, Y.R.: An aspect oriented approach for renarrating web content. In: Proceedings of the 10th Innovations in Software Engineering Conference, pp. 56–65. ACM (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Prasad, G.V.S., Dinesh, T., Choppella, V.: Overcoming the new accessibility challenges using the sweet framework. In: Proceedings of the 11th Web for All Conference, p. 22. ACM (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Prasad, G.V.S., Ojha, A.: Text, table and graph-which is faster and more accurate to understand? In: 2012 IEEE Fourth International Conference on Technology for Education (T4E), pp. 126–131. IEEE (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Prasad, V.G.S., Choppella, V.: Descriptive study of college bound rural youth of AP, India. In: 2013 IEEE Fifth International Conference on Technology for Education (T4E), pp. 76–79. IEEE (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Scowen, R.: Extended BNF - a Generic Base Standard. Technical report 14977 (1998)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sperberg-McQueen, C., Goldstein, R.F.: HTML to the max: a manifesto for adding SGML intelligence to the world-wide web. Comput. Netw. ISDN Syst. 28(1–2), 3–11 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Tidwell, D.: XSLT. O’Reilly Media Inc., Sebastopol (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Wu, H.K., Puntambekar, S.: Pedagogical affordances of multiple external representations in scientific processes. J. Sci. Educ. Technol. 21(6), 754–767 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Zhang, D.: Web content adaptation for mobile handheld devices. Commun. ACM 50(2), 75–79 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the effort by Ms. Sadhana Virupaksha, and Mr. Raghav Mittal for developing the prototype for SSS.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Information Technology Tirupati, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India

    Gollapudi V. R. J. Sai Prasad, Venkatesh Choppella & Sridhar Chimalakonda

Authors
  1. Gollapudi V. R. J. Sai Prasad
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Venkatesh Choppella
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Sridhar Chimalakonda
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gollapudi V. R. J. Sai Prasad .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India

    Atul Negi

  2. University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Raj Bhatnagar

  3. IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, New York, USA

    Laxmi Parida

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Sai Prasad, G.V.R.J., Choppella, V., Chimalakonda, S. (2018). A Style Sheets Based Approach for Semantic Transformation of Web Pages. In: Negi, A., Bhatnagar, R., Parida, L. (eds) Distributed Computing and Internet Technology. ICDCIT 2018. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10722. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72344-0_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72344-0_20

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-72343-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-72344-0

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation