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TTP-free Fair Exchange of Digital Signatures with Bitcoin

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Information Security Practice and Experience (ISPEC 2017)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNSC,volume 10701))

Abstract

Based on the decentralized Bitcoin network, this paper proposes a novel TTP-free fair exchange scheme with monetary penalization for exchange of digital signatures, and presents its corresponding construction with ECDSA-based signature scheme deployed in the Bitcoin. The scheme has following features: (1) Fairness, meaning that the honest party will be compensated with predefined deposit if the other party misbehaves in the execution phase of exchange; (2) TTP-freeness, meaning that the scheme does notengage any TTP throughout the execution of the scheme; (3) Asynchronism, meaning that digital signatures of two parties do not need to be released simultaneously; (4) Pseudonymity, meaning that there is no intuitive difference between transactions designed in the scheme and ordinary ones, and Bitcoin users may own pseudonyms through one-time address. Of independent interest, we propose a new primitive called committed key generation that converts committed message into public/private key paring, specifically, an ECDSA key pair used in the Bitcoin in our construction, with non-interactive zero-knowledge proof. This tool allows us to bind a committed file with a transaction in Bitcoin. With this approach, the proposed TTP-free scheme can be applied to a wide range of scenarios, as long as the signatures represent some items of value such as contract and electronic check.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The security parameter \(\lambda \) equals a 128-bit number viewed as discrete logarithm security level.

  2. 2.

    Due to the fact that the player is aware of the private key \(sk^m\) corresponding to the public key, it obtains the ownership of the deposit again.

  3. 3.

    Viewed as discrete logarithm security level, modulus N of 3072 bits equals to security parameter \(\lambda \) = 128 bits.

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Acknowledgment

Qianhong Wu is the corresponding author. This paper is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China through project 2017YFB0802505, the Natural Science Foundation of China through projects 61772538, 61672083, 61370190, 61572382, 61532021, 61472429 and 61402029, and by the National Cryptography Development Fund through project MMJJ20170106.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China

    Wentao Zhang, Qianhong Wu, Tianxu Han, Yanting Zhang & Na Li

  2. State Key Laboratory of Cryptology, P. O. Box 5159, Beijing, 100878, China

    Wentao Zhang

  3. Key Laboratory of Data Engineering and Knowledge Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Information, Renmin University of China, Beijing, China

    Bo Qin

  4. State Key Laboratory of Information Security, Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China

    Bo Qin

  5. State Key Laboratory of Integrated Service Networks, Xidian University, Xi’an, 710071, China

    Xiaofeng Chen

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  1. Wentao Zhang
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Correspondence to Qianhong Wu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

    Joseph K. Liu

  2. University of Milan, Milan, Italy

    Pierangela Samarati

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Zhang, W. et al. (2017). TTP-free Fair Exchange of Digital Signatures with Bitcoin. In: Liu, J., Samarati, P. (eds) Information Security Practice and Experience. ISPEC 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10701. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72359-4_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72359-4_4

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