Skip to main content

Evaluation of Iterative Methods on Large Markov Chains Generated by GSPN Models

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
New Frontiers in Quantitative Methods in Informatics (InfQ 2017)

Part of the book series: Communications in Computer and Information Science ((CCIS,volume 825))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 228 Accesses

Abstract

GSPN models often generate high cardinality state spaces, whose analysis requires the solution of very large and sparse nonsymmetric linear systems for the associated Markov chain. In this paper we report the results of an empirical investigation of three well-known iterative methods for linear systems of equations: Gauss-Seidel, GMRES, and Bi-CGstab. We evaluate these methods on several large Markov chains generated by GSPN models proposed in the literature. Issues addressed include state space characterization, problem conditioning, numerical accuracy and stability, and computation time. Results show that increased attention should be paid to the numerical issues underlying performance and reliability analyses when dealing with large state spaces.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ajmone Marsan, M., Balbo, G., Conte, G., Donatelli, S., Franceschinis, G.: Modelling with Generalized Stochastic Petri Nets. Wiley, New York (1995)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  2. Ajmone Marsan, M., Donatelli, S., Neri, F.: GSPN models of markovian multiserver multiqueue systems. Perform. Eval. 11(4), 227–240 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Baarir, S., Beccuti, M., Cerotti, D., De Pierro, M., Donatelli, S., Franceschinis, G.: The GreatSPN tool: recent enhancements. ACM SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev. 36, 4–9 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Caselli, S., Conte, G.: GSPN models of concurrent architectures with mesh topology. In: Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models, Melbourne, Australia, December 1991

    Google Scholar 

  5. Caselli, S., Conte, G., Marenzoni, P.: Parallel state space exploration for GSPN models. In: De Michelis, G., Diaz, M. (eds.) ICATPN 1995. LNCS, vol. 935, pp. 181–200. Springer, Heidelberg (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60029-9_40

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  6. Caselli, S., Conte, G., Marenzoni, P.: A distributed algorithm for GSPN reachability graph generation. J. Parallel Distrib. Comp. 61(1), 79–95 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Chiola, G., Franceschinis, G., Gaeta, R., Ribaudo, M.: GreatSPN 1.7: graphical editor and analyzer for timed and stochastic Petri nets. Perform. Eval. 24(1–2), 47–68 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Ciardo, G., Tilgner, M.: On the use of Kronecker operators for the solution of generalized stochastic petri nets. ICASE Report No. 96-35 CR-198336, NASA Langley Research Center, May 1996

    Google Scholar 

  9. Deavours, D.D., Sanders, W.H.: On-the-Fly solution techniques for stochastic Petri nets and extensions. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 24(10), 889–902 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Fletcher, R.: Conjugate gradient methods for indefinite systems. In: Watson, G.A. (ed.) Numerical Analysis. LNM, vol. 506, pp. 73–89. Springer, Heidelberg (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0080116

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  11. Golub, G.H., Van Loan, C.F.: Matrix Computations, 3rd edn. Johns Hopkins, Baltimore (1996)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  12. Hestenes, M.R., Stiefel, E.: Methods of conjugate gradients for solving linear systems. J. Res. Nat. Bur. Stand. 49, 409–436 (1952)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  13. Kemper, P.: Transient analysis of superposed GSPNs. In: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models, Saint Malo, France, pp. 101–110, June 1997

    Google Scholar 

  14. Marenzoni, P., Caselli, S., Conte, G.: Analysis of large GSPN models: a distributed solution tool. In: Proceedings of the 7th IEEE International Workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models, Saint Malo, France, pp. 122–131, June 1997

    Google Scholar 

  15. Philippe, B., Saad, Y., Stewart, W.J.: Numerical methods in Markov chain modeling. J. Oper. Res. 40, 1156–1179 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Saad, Y., Schultz, M.H.: GMRES: a generalized minimal residual algorithm for solving nonsymmetric linear systems. SIAM J. Sci. Stat. Comput. 7, 856–869 (1986)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  17. Sonneveld, P.: CGS: a fast Lanczos-type solver for nonsymmetric linear systems. SIAM J. Sci. Stat. Comput. 10, 36–52 (1989)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  18. Stewart, W.J.: Introduction to Numerical Solution of Markov Chains. Princeton University Press, Princeton (1994)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. Tanimoto, H.: Factory automation: an automatic assembly line for manufacture of printers. IEEE Comput. 12, 50–68 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Van Der Vorst, H.A.: Bi-CGStab: a fast and smoothly converging variant of Bi-CG for the solution of nonsymmetric linear systems. SIAM J. Sci. Stat. Comput. 13, 631–644 (1992)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgment

We are grateful to Enrico Riccardi and Lorenzo Amighetti for their contribution to the initial phase of this research.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Stefano Caselli .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Caselli, S., Conte, G., Diligenti, M. (2018). Evaluation of Iterative Methods on Large Markov Chains Generated by GSPN Models. In: Balsamo, S., Marin, A., Vicario, E. (eds) New Frontiers in Quantitative Methods in Informatics. InfQ 2017. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 825. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91632-3_11

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91632-3_11

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-91631-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-91632-3

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics